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Start Over Author "Robert F Dougherty" Journal neuroimage: clinical
2 results on '"Robert F Dougherty"'

1. Abnormal white matter properties in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa

Author

Katherine E. Travis, Neville H. Golden, Heidi M. Feldman, Murray Solomon, Jenny Nguyen, Aviv Mezer, Jason D. Yeatman, and Robert F. Dougherty

Subjects
Anorexia-nervosa, Adolescents, White matter, Diffusion, Quantitative MRI, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a serious eating disorder that typically emerges during adolescence and occurs most frequently in females. To date, very few studies have investigated the possible impact of AN on white matter tissue properties during adolescence, when white matter is still developing. The present study evaluated white matter tissue properties in adolescent girls with AN using diffusion MRI with tractography and T1 relaxometry to measure R1 (1/T1), an index of myelin content. Fifteen adolescent girls with AN (mean age = 16.6 years ± 1.4) were compared to fifteen age-matched girls with normal weight and eating behaviors (mean age = 17.1 years ± 1.3). We identified and segmented 9 bilateral cerebral tracts (18) and 8 callosal fiber tracts in each participant's brain (26 total). Tract profiles were generated by computing measures for fractional anisotropy (FA) and R1 along the trajectory of each tract. Compared to controls, FA in the AN group was significantly decreased in 4 of 26 white matter tracts and significantly increased in 2 of 26 white matter tracts. R1 was significantly decreased in the AN group compared to controls in 11 of 26 white matter tracts. Reduced FA in combination with reduced R1 suggests that the observed white matter differences in AN are likely due to reductions in myelin content. For the majority of tracts, group differences in FA and R1 did not occur within the same tract. The present findings have important implications for understanding the neurobiological factors underlying white matter changes associated with AN and invite further investigations examining associations between white matter properties and specific physiological, cognitive, social, or emotional functions affected in AN.

Published
2015
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2. Profiles of aberrant white matter microstructure in fragile X syndrome

Author

Scott S. Hall, Allan L. Reiss, and Robert F. Dougherty

Subjects
Adult, Male, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Autism, Cognitive Neuroscience, Uncinate fasciculus, Audiology, lcsh:Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, lcsh:RC346-429, 050105 experimental psychology, White matter, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, FMR1 gene, 0302 clinical medicine, Fractional anisotropy, medicine, Humans, Cingulum (brain), 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Inferior longitudinal fasciculus, Child, lcsh:Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, 05 social sciences, Regular Article, medicine.disease, White Matter, FMR1, Fragile X syndrome, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Diffusion tensor imaging, medicine.anatomical_structure, Neurology, White matter microstructure, Anisotropy, lcsh:R858-859.7, Female, Neurology (clinical), Nerve Net, Psychology, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Diffusion MRI
Abstract

Previous studies attempting to quantify white matter (WM) microstructure in individuals with fragile X syndrome (FXS) have produced inconsistent findings, most likely due to the various control groups employed, differing analysis methods, and failure to examine for potential motion artifact. In addition, analyses have heretofore lacked sufficient specificity to provide regional information. In this study, we used Automated Fiber-tract Quantification (AFQ) to identify specific regions of aberrant WM microstructure along WM tracts in patients with FXS that differed from controls who were matched on age, IQ and degree of autistic symptoms. Participants were 20 patients with FXS, aged 10 to 23 years, and 20 matched controls. Using Automated Fiber-tract Quantification (AFQ), we created Tract Profiles of fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity along 18 major WM fascicles. We found that fractional anisotropy was significantly increased in the left and right inferior longitudinal fasciculus (ILF), right uncinate fasciculus, and left cingulum hippocampus in individuals with FXS compared to controls. Conversely, mean diffusivity was significantly decreased in the right ILF in patients with FXS compared to controls. Age was significantly negatively associated with MD values across both groups in 11 tracts. Taken together, these findings indicate that FXS results in abnormal WM microstructure in specific regions of the ILF and uncinate fasciculus, most likely caused by inefficient synaptic pruning as a result of decreased or absent Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP). Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings., Highlights • We quantified regions of aberrant WM microstructure in patients with fragile X syndrome. • FXS patients were compared to controls matched on age and symptom characteristics. • Fractional anisotropy was increased in sections of the right uncinate in patients with FXS. • Mean diffusivity was significantly decreased in sections of the right ILF in patients with FXS. • FXS results in abnormal WM microstructure in specific regions of the ILF and uncinate fasciculus.

Published
2016
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