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Background and Objectives: Dizziness is a frequent complaint encountered in neurology clinics. Dizziness can be spontaneous or triggered, which includes orthostatic dizziness. Orthostatic dizziness can be acute (reflex/vasovagal syncope), chronic (orthostatic hypotension (OH), or postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS). Since dizziness has numerous causes, these patients undergo extensive investigations before a diagnosis is made. Here, we describe five patients who presented with dizziness and were diagnosed to have POTS on evaluation. Materials and Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients who presented to the Department of Neurology from August 2020 to November 2021 with the complaint of dizziness and were diagnosed with POTS. The clinical history, neurological examination, treatment response, routine blood investigations, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain, and autonomic function tests (AFTs) of the patients were reviewed from patients' clinical records. Patients with dizziness and with diagnosis other than POTS were excluded from the study. Results: Among the five patients, males were predominant with a male to female ratio of 3:2. All the patients were in their early fourth decade with a mean age of 35.4 years. The presenting symptom was dizziness, and the key associated symptoms were anxiety and headache. Due to the orthostatic nature of symptoms and absence of orthostatic fall in blood pressure (BP), a detailed AFT was carried out, leading to the diagnosis of POTS. Patients were assessed at 3-6 months after treatment and there was a moderate response in one and no response in the remaining four patients. Conclusion: POTS should be considered a possible etiology when patients present with orthostatic dizziness in the absence of orthostatic fall in BP. Anxiety and headache may be associated with this type of dizziness. Keywords: Anxiety, dizziness, headache, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, Author(s): Dipti Baskar [1]; Pooja Mailankody (corresponding author) [1]; Talakad Narasappa Sathyaprabha [2]; P S Mathuranath [1]; Rohan R Mahale [1]; Hansashree Padmanabha [1] Key Message: POTS should be considered [...]

Byline: Souvik. Singha, Manish. Beniwal, Pooja. Mailankody, Rajani. Battu, Jitender. Saini, Gaurav. Tyagi, Dwarakanath. Srinivas Background: Almost one-fifth of patients undergoing surgery for sellar/supra-sellar tumors do not gain a significant [...]

Byline: Hansashree. Padmanabha, Gautham. Arunachal, Pratik. Kishore, P. Sharma, Pooja. Mailankody, Rohan. Mahale, Saraswati. Nashi, P. Mathuranath, Sadanandavalli. Chandra Collagen XII, a member of a protein family called fibril associated [...]

Byline: Pooja. Mailankody, Nupur. Pruthi, Karthik. Kulanthaivelu, Rohan. Mahale, Hansashree. Padmanabha, P. Mathuranath, Rohin. Dubbal Sir, We present the case of a 27-year-old woman with adult-onset ischemic moyamoya disease (MMD) [...]

Byline: Pooja. Mailankody, Shivarama. Varambally, K. Thennarasu, Pramod. Pal Background: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) commonly use complementary and alternative medications. Yoga is a mind-body intervention that is being increasingly [...]

Byline: Girish. Kulkarni, Thomas. Mathew, Pooja. Mailankody Background: Medication overuse headache (MOH) is one of the highly disabling headache disorder and affects about 1% of the population of the world. [...]

Byline: C. Vidhya Annapoorni, Chandra. Retnaswami, Pooja. Mailankody, Pavan. Katragadda, Sivakumar. Pillai, Anush. Rangarajan, Hansashree. Padmanabha, Hima. Pendharkar Introduction: Neurological diseases can be due to direct diseases of the central [...]

Byline: Sadanandavalli. Chandra, Nitin. Ramanujam, Abhishek. Gohel, Pooja. Mailankody, B. Nagaraj, Mahammad. Mondal, Mariamma. Philip Neurodegenerative disorders form a group of progressive disorders where multiple functions become affected and mostly [...]

Byline: Pooja. Mailankody, M. Netravathi, Pramod. Pal Rest tremor (RT), a cardinal feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) is often accompanied by other types of tremor such as action tremor, which [...]

Byline: Pooja. Mailankody, Pramod. Pal Dystonia is a hyperkinetic movement disorder characterized by co-contraction of agonists and antagonists resulting in abnormal twisting and repetitive movements or postures, or both. Cervical [...]

Background: There is definite evidence for the involvement of retina in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, a specific pattern has not been clear due to the cross-sectional nature of the majority of the previous studies.Objective: The aim of this work was to study the pattern of changes in the retinal layers in patients with PD on longitudinal follow-up.Materials and Methods: Twelve patients with PD (23 eyes) were evaluated at baseline with complete history, clinical examination, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor part, visual acuity, and retinal imaging with spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography. After a mean duration of 3.7 ± 0.46 years, patients were re-evaluated.Results: The Central Macular Thickness (CMT) of the right eye was found to be significantly thicker during the follow-up (P = 0.002). The outer retinal layer in the temporal quadrant at 0.5 centimeters from the fovea of the left eye was found to be significantly thinner (P = 0.001).Conclusion: The serial evaluation of the retinal layers in patients with PD suggests a progressive loss of thickness of the outer retinal layer. The involvement of non-dopaminergic mechanisms, especially glutamatergic pathways, may be responsible for these changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Neurological diseases can be due to direct diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS) or be a bystander syndrome of systemic diseases. Treatment options depend on the cause. Toxic, metabolic and nutritional, and immune-mediated consequences of clinically occult neoplasms produce a spectrum of neurological diseases, recognition of which has therapeutic and prognostic importance.Patients and Methods: Children, as well as adults who presented to the authors in the last 5 years with neurological diseases and later their diseases could be diagnosed or attributed to neoplasms which were occult, were included for the study.Observation: 28 patients were seen by the authors in the last 5 years with neurological manifestation and hidden tumor. Maximum incidence was in the age of above 60 years followed by the age group of 21-40 years. The commonest neurological presentation was muscle and nerve in adults and seizure in children.Discussion: Short duration, rapid progression, severe weight loss, and poor response to treatment given for nontumor associated neurological syndrome are the red flags which point to the diagnosis.Conclusion: Seizures and psychosis formed the commonest features in children, muscle and nerve in adults. Short duration, rapid progression, and resistance to treatment are the markers for possible underlying neoplasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]