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Focuses on the European Climate Exchange, the first mandatory carbon emissions trading market that will go live in February 2005 and is intended to prepare the 25 European Union (EU) countries for the requirements of the Kyoto Climate Protocol. Concerns raised by some EU companies about the new limits on their carbon emissions; Views of Peter Koster, chief executive and founder of the exchange, regarding the experiment that formalizes a system to fight global warming; Treaty's requirement to nations that signed it to cut carbon emission beginning 2008.

Reports that the Connecticut government is planning to resume testing vehicles for emissions six months after the program was suspended because of technical problems with tests conducted by Agbar Technologies Inc.

Reports on the announcement made by the Connecticut state government on the resumption of its automobile emissions testing program six months after suspending it. Resumption of the tests on November 2004; Problems with false readings and allegations of fraud experienced by its main tester, Agbar Technologies; Compliance of the state with the federal clean air requirements.

Reports on the implementation of regulations to prevent global warming in the U.S. through the reduction of emissions and fuel consumption. Cost and benefit analysis for the regulations; Implications for the automobile industry; Environmental policies.

Comments on President Vladimir Putin's announcement that Russia will move to ratify the Kyoto Protocol which aims to contribute to a long-term solution to global warming. Recognition of the emissions trading which can help reduce the greenhouse gas emissions at low cost; Need for the U.S. to negotiate a trans-Atlantic climate trade agreement under which it and the European Union would accept binding limits on heat-trapping gases.

The article discusses efforts to mitigate climate change through providing economic incentives for companies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions as of May 29, 2014. Topics addressed include a California government initiative to provide economic incentives for companies to reduce emissions, problems with a cap and trade policy in the European Union (E.U.), as well as skepticism towards the effectiveness of emissions trading policies.

The article reports that Chinese President Xi Jinping will create a so-called cap-and-trade emissions trading plan for China. Under the plan, China will agree to reduce emissions from coal-fired power plants. The article also discusses items that U.S. President Obama and President Xi Jinping plan to talk about at a summit meeting taking place during September 2015 in Washington, D.C. The issues to be discussed include cyber security and military tensions in the South China sea.

The article looks at climate change policy in the U.S., discussing the opposition of many Republicans in the U.S. Congress to U.S. President Barack Obama's proposal for a pollution trading scheme to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, called cap and trade. It suggests this opposition is ironic, as Republicans have typically espoused market-based solutions to problems in lieu of government regulation.

The article discusses the European Parliament's April 16, 2013 rejection of a proposal to cut the number of pollution permits available as part of the European Union's (E.U.) Emissions Trading System, highlighting the effect of the decision on efforts to prevent greenhouse-gas emissions. Topics addressed include concerns over energy costs in Europe, and economic conditions in the (E.U.) since 2007.

WASHINGTON Michael Greenstone has the resume of somebody who should be despondent over Washington's failure to pass a climate bill. An environmental economist who worked in the Obama White House, he is now back to being an M.I.T. professor and also runs the Hamilton Project, the well-connected, Democratic-leaning research group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights that a growing number of law firms are advertising their expertise in climate change issues. New emission-management tools and emission trading markets are the biggest growth area for climate lawyers. These markets are regulated in those countries that have signed the Kyoto Protocol. Cape Wind, a proposed wind farm in Nantucket, Massachusetts, had to face several lawsuits to obtain permits to build windmills and undersea power lines.

Editorial. Comments on the global warming strategies and policies in California. Legislation passed by the California Legislature requiring manufacturers to start reducing carbon dioxide emissions; Regulatory and legislative review of other proposals; Problems with climate change and fuel economy.

Reports on the efforts of Russia to win support for membership into the World Trade Organization from the European Union. Support of the environmental treaty on emissions known as the Kyoto Protocol; Plans of Russian President Vladimir Putin to integrate Russia into the global economy; Requirement for the leading industrialized countries to reduce emissions of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases; Consideration of the global support for the Kyoto Protocol markets; Impact of the agreement on Russia's trade talks with the U.S.

Reports on the response of the Department of Motor Vehicles to the increasing number of complaints regarding the anomaly in the emission testing of service stations involved in the state's emission program in Connecticut.

Reports that as a result of the United States pulling out of the Kyoto Protocol, Europe gains control of the emissions trading market. Canada which has ratified the treaty; Multinational corporations that must account for emissions laws abroad and in the U.S.; European Union which has issued plans to begin emissions trading in 2005.

Focuses on the U.S. President George W. Bush's administration's initiative to reduce pollution from power plants. Plans to replace air quality controls and apply emissions trading to other pollutants; Warnings of environmentalists and economists that the plan threatens to intensify pollution in certain so-called hot spots; Bush's failure to focus on greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide; History of emissions trading, which was set up by Congress; Implications of the plan; Views of experts.

Reports that New Jersey environmentalist groups Sierra Club and the Public Employees for Environmental Responsibility have rejected Governor Christie Whitman's emissions-credit trading program on February 14, 2001.