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Purpose: To evaluate five-year visual outcomes of typical age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in patients who received photodynamic therapy (PDT) as initial treatment compared with the outcomes of patients prior to the PDT era., Subjects and Methods: Twenty-three eyes observed for 5 years before PDT was available (group A: typical AMD/PCV 16 eyes/7 eyes) and 61 eyes which had been observed for 5 years after PDT with additional treatment as needed (group B: typical AMD/PCV 25 eyes/36 eyes). The visual changes in these groups were retrospectively compared., Results: In group A of typical AMD patients, the mean visual acuity (VA, logMAR) was significantly worse at the 3-year visit and later. In group B of typical AMD patients, the VA was stabilized after 2 years and no significant mean VA deterioration was observed for 5 years. More patients in group B retained a logMAR of less than 1.0 (43% vs. 25%) than in group A. Those patients in group B with PCV, maintained the VA for one year, but it gradually worsened thereafter., Conclusion: The PDT shortened the duration of VA deterioration in typical AMD patients from 5 to 2 years with no significant VA decrease for 5 years. The positive effect of PDT on PCV eyes was temporary.

Background: Oguchi disease is a form of congenital stationary night-blindness characterized by a golden tapetal fundus reflex. This reflex is known to disappear in the dark-adapted state ("Mizuo-Nakamura phenomenon"). The origin of the reflex is not clear. We report a case of Oguchi disease with the disappearance of the golden tapetal reflex after vitreous resection., Case: An 80-year-old man was referred for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment of the left eye. Golden tapetal reflex was observed in both eyes. Negative b-wave in the electroretinogram and mutation in the SAG gene indicated Oguchi disease. Pars plana vitrectomy and posterior hyaloid membrane peeling were performed. The tapetal reflex in the all regions of the fundus in the operated eye disappeared after the retina was reattached. The reflex partially recovered 2 years after the operation., Conclusion: It is suggested that the change in vitreo-retinal interface after a vitreous operation leads to the disappearance of the reflex. This report presents a hypothesis on the origin of the golden tapetal reflex in Oguchi disease.

Purpose: To determine whether the anterior chamber configuration of patients with narrow angle is changed in the prone position., Patients and Methods: The study included 16 eyes of 16 patients whose anterior chamber angle was classified as Shaffer 2 or narrower. The prone position test(PPT) and ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) were performed on every subject. In the UBM examination, the following parameters were measured both in the supine position and in the prone position: the angle-opening distance at 250 microns from scleral spur(AOD 250), the angle-opening distance at 500 microns from scleral spur(AOD 500), the trabecular-iris angle(TIA), and the anterior chamber depth at the center of the cornea(anterior chamber depth, ACD)., Results: While the intraocular pressure was higher after PPT than before the test, every subject was evaluated as negative for PPT. Mean value of every parameter examined was lower in the prone position than in the supine position(AOD 250: 114 microns, vs. 128 microns, AOD 500: 121 microns vs. 144 microns, TIA: 12.1 degrees vs. 15.5 degrees, ACD: 1966 microns vs. 2002 microns), and the change in ACD was statistically significant (p = 0.013)., Conclusions: The anterior chamber configuration of patients with narrow angle is changed in prone position. Such a change can occur in patients classified as negative for PPT.

We observed the anterior segment of eyes in one case of sclerocornea and one case of microcornea using an ultrasound biomicroscope. The sclerocornea was the peripheral type. The contrast in the image of ultrasound biomicroscopy changes from low to high density in proportion to the optical opacity at the peripheral portion of the cornea. There was no abnormality in the anatomical figures of the anterior chamber angle in ultrasound biomicroscopic findings, which gave significant information in the cataract surgery. The patient with microcornea had horizontal nystagmus, partial coloboma of the iris, choroidal coloboma, and cataract in both eyes. We observed the iris tissue in all the meridians in the ultrasound biomicroscopic pictures. Ultrasound biomicroscopy is a promising procedure for examining the anterior segment of eyes with corneal opacity.