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Objective: To determine physical activity status and knowledge, attitude and behavior of adolescents regarding healthy eating. Material and Method: 375 students, from the first year of a state high school in Uskudar, Istanbul, were enrolled in this descriptive study. Participants were filled in a questionnaire including 21 questions about nourishment and physical activity. Participants were considered as knowledgeable if they write 3 food groups in food pyramid in correct consuming order and as eating healthy if they declared to consume at least three food groups in correct order. Results: Mean age of the participants was 15.34±0.63 and 54.4%were female. Among the participants, 50.1% have breakfast every day, %63.9 skips at least one meal a day, and 49.7%participates a sport activity regularly. %39.3 knows food pyramid and %23.3 eat healthy. Girls eat significantly more healthier than boys and boys are more sportive than girls (p<0.05).Conclusion: Knowledge about food pyramid of our participants was not adequate and they were not eating healthy. There is a need to implement educational healthy eating programs targeting adolescent age group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to explore the breast-feeding profiles and the factors that affect breast-feeding and weaning attitudes among mothers of 0-12 month old babies in a baby-friendly primary care unit. Material and Method: The study was conducted in a Mother and Child Health Centre in ıstanbul in May-October 2006. All 364 mothers who were registered in the health centre were enrolled. A total of 358 mothers were included in the study. Results: The frequencies of breastfeeding initiation and of breastfeeding within the first hour were 98.9 %and 62.3 %respectively. Among the babies older than 6 months (n=200), 52.5 %were weaned before 6 months. Pacifier use (OR 3.01, 95 %CI: 1.35-6.69), being preterm (OR: 3.36, 95 %CI: 1.04-10.79), having a job (OR: 2.83, 95%CI:1.14-7.04) or smoking (OR: 2.27, 95 %CI: 1.01-5.14) werefound to be risk factors for early weaning. Conclusion: Although the frequency of initiating breastfeeding is very high, the continuation duration is below the World Health Organization (WHO)'s recommendations. Physicians and other health workers should strongly recommend against smoking during, prenatal and postnatal visits. Physicians should not support pacifiers, until we have sufficient data to support its benefits. In order to increase the duration of breast feeding, health professionals should focus on preterm babies, smoking or working mothers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: In Turkey going on with the higher education, it is required to be successful in an annual university Student Selection and Placement Exam (OSYS) for the Turkish Universities which 2/3 of the candidates is disqualified and lost his high education occasion. These difficult requisites may establish anxiety with the students. To measure this test performance focused anxiety of the students who are near to university entrance exam and to evaluate the relationship between the anxiety level and sex, age, living area, living with the family, the graduated high school type, number of the attended university entrance exams, to be succeeded in the exam previously, regular attendance to the preparing courses, involving in social activities and using counselling services are aimed in this study. Besides, to give feedback tc the psychological consultancy services and to support the students by giving feedback to reduce their anxiety. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study includes 254 students who take preperation courses for the Student Selection and Placement Exam (OSYS) in two private courses. Questions about socio-demographic characteristics and "Test Anxiety Scale" were applied under supervision, chi-square and student-t tests were applied for analysis. Results: Boys were 76% of the 254 participants and the mean age was 18.0±1.3. Anxiety level of 28.8% of participants was low, 52.4% was medium and 18.8% was high. Among the girls, the students who took the entance exam before, who were irregular, who didn't join social activities and who "never" or "a few" use consultancy senices courses were more anxious. We found low test anxiety with the students who join the courses regularly, who join social activities at least 2 hours a week and makes use of the consultancy services (respectively χ²=5.68, χ²=4.03, χ²=5.07, p-0.02, p=0.04, p=0.02). Conclusion: Though anxiety level was low with the students who use counseling services, medium and high anxiety level in 71.2% of the participants made us to think that psychological counseling services must be disseminated and especially must be aware of the students who have high test anxiety and remind them the positive effect of social activities and counselling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]