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The single-scattering albedo (SSA) of atmospheric aerosols is a key parameter that controls aerosol radiative effects. The variation of SSA is thought to be mainly regulated by aerosol absorption in the Himalayas and South Asia, but observations contradict this idea. In situ field campaigns conducted over two Himalayan sites revealed that SSA was strongly dependent on scattering but weakly correlated with absorption. Observational results combined with the Mie theory further illustrated that SSA was primarily modulated by size distribution rather than absorption. Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) data showed similar impacts of size distribution on SSA and that aerosol radiative forcing efficiencies were significantly dependent on SSA. Aerosol size distribution therefore considerably affects radiative forcing by modulating aerosol SSA over the Himalayas. This study highlighted the influence of aerosol size distribution on radiative forcing over the Himalayas, which has important implications for understanding aerosol radiative effects globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]