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This study examines how a chemical reaction and a nonuniform heat source effect the flow of an MHD Casson nanofluid over a nonlinear stretching sheet. By incorporating viscous dissipation, the energy equation is strengthened. Brownian diffusion, thermophoresis diffusion effects are taken place. By using the necessary similarity transformations, the governing equations for the current flow are converted into a nonlinear system. The RKF technique yields a numerical solution along with a shooting technique for the condensed system. Thereafter, to better understand the physical interpretation of flow and heat transfer, the flow-controlling parameters are shown graphically and in tabular form in the current work. Based on the present study's numerical results, a fair connection is found between this analysis and previous studies. Some of the observations are velocity profile is decreased for the effects of magnetics and stretching parameter variations and Eckert number plays a great role in the increase of temperature profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe utilization of molten salts in heat transfer applications, specifically within shell-and-tube heat exchangers, has garnered significant attention for its potential in sustainable energy solutions. this study employs advanced machine learning algorithms, including decision tree regressor, support vector regressor, extreme gradient boosting, and random forest, to not only predict the heat transfer behavior of molten salts but also unravel the complex mechanisms underlying this process. Achieving a remarkable accuracy score of 0.985, the Support Vector Regressor leads the predictive models, closely followed by random forest (0.982), Decision Tree Regressor (0.974), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (0.965). The incorporation of Shapley Additive exPlanations values accentuates the Reynolds number’s pivotal role, elucidating a robust correlation with the Nusselt value. These insights transcend mere prediction, offering a profound understanding that can significantly impact the design and optimization of molten salt heat exchangers. The applications of molten salts extend across various sectors, including concentrated solar energy and thermal storage, solidifying their position as a versatile and effective solution in the pursuit of sustainable and efficient energy systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis study explores the application of Al2O3-ZnO-Fe3O4/Water ternary nanofluids for enhanced thermal management in engineering applications, addressing the MHD Darcy–Forchheimer problem with an emphasis on optimizing cooling processes in a 2D-wavy cavity under various moving boundary conditions. Aimed at surpassing the limitations of conventional cooling fluids, the research employs the finite volume method within the OpenFOAM® framework to investigate the impact of nanofluid integration on heat transfer efficiency and entropy generation, utilizing partial heating and eight distinct boundary scenarios. By comparing the performance of ternary nanofluids against that of hybrid and mono nanofluids, we identify optimal conditions that significantly enhance cooling effectiveness, as evidenced by a 37% improvement in heat exchange efficiency over water. The findings demonstrate the superior performance of Al2O3-ZnO-Fe3O4/Water nanofluids in achieving higher average Nusselt numbers at low Darcy numbers, despite an increase in entropy. Optimal conditions were identified for the most favorable scenario involving the movement of cavity lids, based on the Nusselt number, specifically in Case 7 (ul1+ and ul2−). Decreasing the number of waves in the cavity enhances heat transfer and reduces irreversibility. Finally, the study shows that the influence of lid motion on skin friction significantly varies with Richardson numbers, and the use of nanofluids over pure water notably reduces skin friction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis article delves into the theoretical analysis of hydromagnetic bioconvection involving a radiating and reacting Casson nanofluid containing motile microorganisms, past an exponentially stretching permeable vertical surface within a porous medium, incorporating heat and mass transfer characteristics. The model problem’s nonlinear differential equations are derived by applying relevant conservation laws and subsequently solved numerically using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The graphical representation and quantitative discussion of the effects of emerging parameters on various aspects, including nanofluid velocity, temperature distribution, nanoparticles, gyrotactic microorganisms concentration, skin friction, Nusselt number, Sherwood number,and Motile density number are presented. The findings reveal significant influences on both heat and mass transference rates, as well as motile microorganism rates, in response to variations in bioconvection parameters. Additionally, the integration of gyrotactic microbes into nanoparticles is identified as a crucial factor for enhancing the thermal performance of devices, such as microbial fuel cells, bacteria-activated micromixers, microfluidic tools, enzyme biosensors, and chip-like bio microsystems. The bioengineering implications of these results are noteworthy, providing valuable insights for the design and optimization of relevant technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis research focuses on investigating the impact of magnetized nanoparticles’ heat and mass transfer process two-dimensional (2D) porous medium ternary hybrid Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) ferrofluid flow through a two movable permeable porous surface, with a specific emphasis on the Darcy Forchheimer effect, activation energy, and chemical reaction parameters. Recently, motile microorganisms have become a significant area of interest in the study of heat and mass transfer. This study employs colored plots to analyze the optimum heat transfer over a double porous plate by altering different physical parameters. Using the shooting technique, the study provides numerical solutions to nonlinear systems of equations by transforming the partial differential equations (PDE) into ordinary differential equations (ODEs) via the dimensionless similarity transformation. Tables and graphs demonstrate how the governing parameters impact velocity, temperature, mass concentration profiles, and motile microorganisms, as well as physical quantities like skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, Sherwood number, and motile number. Ternary hybrid ferrofluid exhibits a significantly improved heat transfer rate compared to both Ferro and hybrid ferrofluid. The convective flux of heat and mass transfer experiences a decrement with an escalation in the values of the activation energy (E) parameter. The presence of positive values for both the similarity variable (n) and Exothermic/Endothermic parameter (λ) leads to an enhancement in the flow of thermal transfer on both porous surfaces. This research will have far-reaching implications in various fields, including coolant technology in the manufacturing industry, heat dissipation in electronic modules, high-performance computing cooling facilities, the automotive sector, and space applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThis study presents a comprehensive investigation into the intricacies of single-phase simulation concerning the behavior of fractal interfacial magnetized metallic chemical-reactive nanoparticles within fluid systems. The research focuses on unraveling the multifaceted phenomena associated with heat and mass transfer in complex nanoscale environments. To achieve this, we employ numerical techniques to address the intricate fluid flow problems that arise due to the presence of these nanoparticles. Fractal complexities are linked to critical phenomena, such as mixing and mass transport, at the turbulent/non-turbulent interface of shear layers and boundary layers. This study primarily concentrates on the phenomena of heat and mass transfer, with a focus on estimating thermal conductivity models that have significant impacts on the flow of metallic nanofluids under convective conditions. The combination of a high thermal conductivity model with a novel interfacial fractal theory reveals a substantial effect on heat and mass transfer enhancement. Furthermore, this research explores hybrid types of porous channel geometries under the combined influence of magnetohydrodynamics and chemical reaction mechanisms in the presence of metallic nanoparticles. A comprehensive numerical analysis of higher-order nonlinear differential equations is conducted, which exposes the flow field’s behavior concerning momentum, energy, and mass transfer. These insights are envisioned through single-phase simulations of nanofluids. The influence of the nanoparticles’ radius and diameter is found to play a significant role in thermal performance, with nanoparticles ranging from 1% to 8% exhibiting a notable impact on thermal conductivity. HighlightsA new mathematical relation of mass, as well as heat transfer for metallic-nanomaterial being affected by thermal conductivity (T.C.), has been established.The important role of the physical number is observed under the effect of T.C. and heat and mass transfer through orthogonal porous surfaces.An injection/suction, as well as an expansion/contraction phenomenon related to the porous surface is observed.A new mathematical relation of mass, as well as heat transfer for metallic-nanomaterial being affected by thermal conductivity (T.C.), has been established.The important role of the physical number is observed under the effect of T.C. and heat and mass transfer through orthogonal porous surfaces.An injection/suction, as well as an expansion/contraction phenomenon related to the porous surface is observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]