1. Dose-Dependent Prebiotic Effect of Lactulose in a Computer-Controlled In Vitro Model of the Human Large Intestine
- Author
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Melanie K Bothe, Jos M.B.M. van der Vossen, Susann Schwejda-Guettes, Susann Bellmann, Annalena Koehler, Angelika Kuchinka-Koch, Dirk Berressem, Barbara Gaigg, John F Stover, and Annet J. H. Maathuis
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Laxative ,Biomedical Innovation ,Acetates ,ammonia ,Body Mass Index ,microbial fermentation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Lactulose ,0302 clinical medicine ,RNA, Ribosomal, 16S ,EELS - Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences TNO Bedrijven ,Lactobacillus ,Food science ,Anaerostipes ,Bifidobacterium ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,biology ,Chemistry ,Life Triskelion BV ,Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ,Butyrates ,Microbial fermentation ,Female ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Healthy Living ,lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,medicine.drug ,Adult ,DNA, Bacterial ,lactobacilli ,MSB - Microbiology and Systems Biology ADME - ADME/DMPK ,Bifidobacteria ,butyrate ,lcsh:TX341-641 ,Butyrate ,Models, Biological ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Ammonia ,medicine ,Humans ,Computer Simulation ,Intestine, Large ,Lactic Acid ,Biology ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Prebiotic ,Fatty acid ,Fructose ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,Fatty Acids, Volatile ,biology.organism_classification ,Gastrointestinal Microbiome ,Prebiotics ,030104 developmental biology ,Lactobacilli ,Food Science - Abstract
Lactulose, a disaccharide of galactose and fructose, used as a laxative or ammonia-lowering drug and as a functional food ingredient, enhances growth of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus at clinically relevant dosages. The prebiotic effect of subclinical dosages of Lactulose, however, remains to be elucidated. This study analyses changes in the microbiota and their metabolites after a 5 days Lactulose treatment using the TIM-2 system, a computer-controlled model of the proximal large intestine representing a complex, high density, metabolically active, anaerobic microbiota of human origin. Subclinical dosages of 2-5 g Lactulose were used. While 2 g Lactulose already increased the short-chain fatty acid levels of the intestinal content, 5 g Lactulose were required daily for 5 days in this study to exert the full beneficial prebiotic effect consisting of higher bacterial counts of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Anaerostipes, a rise in acetate, butyrate and lactate, as well as a decrease in branched-chain fatty acids, pH (suggested by an increase in NaOH usage), and ammonia. © 2017 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
- Published
- 2017
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