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Objective: To determine whether there are differences in baseline psychological and behavioral characteristics between individuals with severe obesity who chose a surgical or nonsurgical intervention for weight loss., Methods: The current study utilized data from a larger study funded by a state insurance company and is unique in that the insurance company funded the weight loss interventions. Participants indicated their preferred method of weight loss, and completed several self-report psychological questionnaires, as well as demographic information., Results: Participants (N = 605) were 58.8% Caucasian and mostly (86%) female. Logistic regression results indicated that an increased number of weight loss attempts, and select other measures of eating behavior and quality of life may influence individuals' selection for either surgical or nonsurgical treatments for weight loss., Conclusions: Practitioners should pay particular attention to these baseline characteristics that influence choice to examine potential characteristics that may influence the success of these weight loss treatments., (© 2015 The Obesity Society.)