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This article presents information on the attitude of employers in hiring disabled workers in the U.S. Although positive attitudes towards the employment of disabled people did not necessarily result in the actual employment of these people, these attitudes did relate significantly to previous experience with the disabled. On the other hand, the positive attitudes of employers did not seem to be a function of external pressures to conform. Accordingly the authors stressed the importance of selective placement of disabled people. The topics of this investigation were employers approach to the employment of disabled people, and their experience with individual disabled employees, including people who had become disabled while in their employ. A semi-structured interview schedule was used but any further comments made by the employers were also noted. The employers were asked the reason for the most and least successful employee. Poor work performance was the reason given by ten employers for their choice of the least satisfactory disabled employee.

The article focuses on a study concerning shift changes and hours of work. It is stated that night work has been undesirable due to its disturbance to the bodily rhythms and habits which are associated with the diurnal cycle. It is mentioned that the physiological cycle which has been known is the fluctuations of the body temperature during the 24 hours, which the temperature is normally highest in the afternoon and lowest between 12 midnight and 6 a.m. Moreover, it has discovered that work efficiency fluctuates according to the temperature cycle, that is why night work performance is lowest in the early morning.

The article focuses on the study about the changes brought about by ageing in the speed and quality of work among leather cutters in the boot and shoe trade in Great Britain. The source of the data for the study were from three departments in a firm making a wide range of styles, sizes and fittings of shoe. Researchers conclude that the locus of slowing is in central rather than peripheral processes, thus the fall-off in speed of output, perception and decision is affected by the increasing age of the worker.

The article focuses on the impact of merit-rating scheme to the improvement of working behavior of employees in a factory in England. The results of the investigation is based on material from factory records and individual interviews with managers, supervisors, and workers. The five qualities or the desirable characteristics of employees included in the rating scheme are quality and quantity of work, application, effort and initiative, cooperation, and attention to safety and care of tools and materials. The study revealed that the scheme is highly satisfactory in both management and workers because it made major changes such as the reduction of labor costs, the decrease in absence and lateness, the increase in output per man hour, and the general improvement in morale.

In this article, which formed the basis of a paper given to the British Psychological Society at its Annual General Meeting in 1947, Miss Shaw describes certain wartime investigations with which she was very actively concerned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]