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Purpose: This study aimed to determine predictive factors for low final visual acuity in patients with inactive Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease using Swept-source OCT and OCT-angiography (OCT-A). Methods: We conducted a prospective longitudinal study, including 21 patients (42 eyes), who were followed up for the first 24 months after disease onset. Patients were included at the acute phase and subsequently treated. Sequential qualitative and quantitative changes in OCT and OCT-A were assessed. Analytical statistical methods were employed to determine predictive factors for final visual acuity. Results: Structural alterations including focal parafoveal outer nuclear layer atrophy, ellipsoid zone disruption, interdigitation zone disruption, and irregular and thickened retinal pigment epithelium line were observed in 57.1% of eyes at month 3, with no significant improvement over time. The presence of flow voids at months 6, 12, and 24 was significantly associated with low final visual acuity. Serous retnal detachment at presentation emerged as an independent risk factor for structural changes detected by SS-OCT during the first 2 years of the disease. Optic disc edema was predictive factor for both structural SS-OCT and OCT-A changes. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of monitoring flow voids to predict final visual acuity and highlights the impact of serous retinal detachment at presentation on structural changes in patients with inactive VKH disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fundus photographs provided show deep yellowish lesions, multifocal exudative retinal detachments, and optic disc hyperemia in both eyes. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography scans shown demonstrate bilateral exudative retinal detachments involving the macula in the right eye. The exudative retinal detachment is characterized by the presence of subretinal fibrin and septa. The B-scan ultrasonography provided shows low- to medium-reflective choroidal thickening predominating around optic nerve head, in association with exudative retinal detachment in the right eye. All these findings are highly suggestive of acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH) disease rather than multifocal choroiditis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To describe the pattern of acute retinal necrosis (ARN) syndrome in a referral center in Tunisia.Methods: Retrospective review of the charts of 12 patients (12 eyes).Results: Necrotizing retinitis involved >50% of the retina in 33.3% of eyes. Polymerase chain reaction on aqueous humor sample identified herpes simplex virus-1 in 4 eyes (33.3%) and varicella zoster virus in 3 eyes (25%), and was negative in 5 eyes (41.7%). All patients received intravenous acyclovir, followed by oral antivirals. Follow-up ranged from 6 to 16 months. Retinal detachment (RD) occurred in 3 eyes (25%), but no patient developed bilateral ARN. Final visual acuity was 20/200 or worse in 7 eyes (58.3%). Delay in diagnosis (p = 0.015), macular involvement (p = 0.045), development of RD (p = 0.018), and 25-50% of retinal involvement (p = 0.045) were associated with a worse visual outcome.Conclusion: ARN carries poor visual prognosis in Tunisia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To describe the clinical, optical coherence tomographic, and angiographic findings in patients with acute toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis (RC) associated with serous retinal detachment (SRD). Methods: The study included 60 eyes with acute toxoplasmic RC. Results: Of 60 eyes, 14 (23.3%) were found to have SRD. The SRD was visible on fundus examination in 6 cases and detectable only by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the 8 remaining cases. It involved the fovea in 9 eyes. There was evidence of associated choroidal ischemia on fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography in 5 eyes. Findings seen at the acute stage gradually resolved over a period of 2-6 weeks in all patients. Conclusions: SRD, accurately detected by OCT, is a common complication of acute toxoplasmic RC that should be considered as a potential cause of visual loss. Choroidal ischemia might contribute to the development of such complication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]