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Purpose : To evaluate choroidal structural changes in patients with multiple evanescent white dot syndrome (MEWDS) during the acute and recovery stages. Methods : Enhanced-depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) scans of 16 patients with unilateral MEWDS were acquired during the acute and recovery stages in both eyes. Images were binarized with the ImageJ software to measure subfoveal choroidal thickness (CT), total choroid area, luminal area and choroidal vascularity index (CVI). Results : In the acute stage, subfoveal CT, total choroidal area and CVI were significantly higher in eyes with MEWDS compared to fellow eyes (371.2 ± 101.8 vs 317.1 ± 90.3 µm, p = .001; 2.826 ± 0.686 vs 2.524 ± 0.674 mm 2 , p = .014; 69.49 ± 3.51 vs 68.27 ± 3.41%, p = .044, respectively). In the recovery stage, subfoveal CT, total choroidal area and CVI in eyes with MEWDS significantly decreased to respectively 333.4 ± 90.5 µm, p = .007, 2.592 ± 0.570 p = .002, and 67.31 ± 2.74%, p = .014. Conclusions : Choroidal thickness and vascularity are significantly increased during the acute stage of MEWDS.

Purpose : To report optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) findings in eyes with ocular sarcoidosis (OS) and to compare these findings with those of fluorescein angiography (FA). Methods : Observational, cross-sectional, case-control study. Patients presenting with OS involving the posterior segment were evaluated using FA, structural-OCT and OCT-A. OCT-angiograms of the superficial (SCP) and deep (DCP) capillary plexuses and choriocapillaris (CC) were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed. Results : OCT-A seemed more sensitive than FA in detecting perifoveal capillary arcade disruptions, areas of hypoperfusion/non-perfusion and capillary abnormalities ( p <0.05). Capillary hypoperfusion was more frequently detected in the DCP than in SCP, conversely capillary abnormalities were more often observed at the level of the SCP. Capillary vessel density values were significantly lower in eyes with OS than in healthy controls both at the level of DCP and CC (p< 0.05). Conclusion : The depth-resolved nature of OCT-A allowed new insights on OS-induced microvascular and perfusion impairments.

Purpose: To describe the importance of a customized combined systemic and local therapy in the management of inflammatory choroidal neovascularization (iCNV)., Methods: Observational retrospective case series., Results: Four iCNV cases, complicating posterior uveitis or panuveitis affecting young patients, are reported. Combination of both intravitreal (IVT) and systemic drugs represented a successful treatment strategy., Conclusions: iCNV is a sight-threatening disease which affects mostly young people. Customized and both systemic and IVT therapies might represent the best therapeutic option in order to obtain disease control and good prognosis.

Purpose: To perform an analysis of optical coherence tomography (OCT) abnormalities in patients with MEWDS, during the acute and recovery stages, using enhanced depth imaging-OCT (EDI-OCT)., Methods: A retrospective case series of five patients with MEWDS was included. EDI-OCT imaging was evaluated to detect retinal and choroidal features., Results: In the acute phase, focal impairment of the ellipsoid zone and external limiting membrane, hyperreflective dots in the inner choroid, and full-thickness increase of the choroidal profile were observed in the affected eye; disappearance of these findings and restoration of the choroidal thickness (p = 0.046) was appreciated in the recovery phase. No OCT abnormalities were assessed in the unaffected eye., Conclusions: EDI-OCT revealed transient outer retinal layer changes and inner choroidal hyperreflective dots. A transient increased thickness of the whole choroid was also identified. This might confirm a short-lasting inflammatory involvement of the whole choroidal tissue in the active phase of MEWDS.