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Introduction: Biomarkers for predicting the outcome of ipilimumab plus nivolumab (Nivo-Ipi) treatment in cancer patients have not been identified. Herein, we investigated the prognostic significance of inflammatory and nutritional markers in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving Nivo-Ipi. Methods: Our study retrospectively analyzed 101 patients with advanced NSCLC who received Nivo-Ipi at a single institution. Inflammatory and nutritional indices were correlated with patient outcomes and included the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI), and Glasgow prognostic score (GPS). Results: The NLR significantly correlated with the PLR, SII, PNI, ALI, and GPS. Regarding therapeutic efficacy, the NLR, SII, and PNI predicted a partial response, and all indices predicted progressive disease. In subgroup analyses, the SII, PNI, and ALI predicted the outcome of patients with adenocarcinoma, whereas only the PNI predicted the outcome of patients with non-adenocarcinoma. The PNI and SII were the most useful indices in patients with a programmed death ligand-1 expression level of <1% and ≥1%, respectively. Conclusion: The NLR, PLR, SII, PNI, ALI, and GPS were significantly associated with the outcome of Nivo-Ipi treatment in patients with NSCLC. The PNI was the most suitable marker regardless of histological type. The SII and PNI were the most promising markers for patients with and without PD-L1 expression, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Established biomarkers for predicting chemoradiotherapy efficacy for limited-disease small cell lung cancer (LD-SCLC) are lacking. The inflammation-based Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), comprising serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin levels, can predict survival in advanced cancer. This study investigated whether metabolic and inflammatory markers, including the GPS, can predict the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy in patients with LD-SCLC., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 124 patients who underwent chemoradiotherapy for LD-SCLC at two institutions between April 2007 and June 2021, and assessed the prognostic significance of various metabolic and inflammatory markers. The GPS was calculated using the CRP and albumin concentrations, and categorized as follows: 0, CRP &lt;1.0 mg/dL and albumin ≥3.5 mg/dL; 1, elevated CRP or decreased albumin; and 2, CRP ≥1.0 mg/dL and albumin&lt;3.5 mg/dL. Differences in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were examined using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional-hazard models., Results: The overall response rate was 95.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 89.6-97.9%). The median PFS and OS from chemoradiotherapy initiation were 12.6 (95% CI: 9.9-15.4) and 29.0 (95% CI: 24.8-45.5) months, respectively. The GPS demonstrated independent predictive ability for the effectiveness of chemoradiotherapy, wherein favorable scores (GPS 0-1) were significantly correlated with superior PFS and OS compared to unfavorable scores (GPS 2: PFS: 14.8 vs. 6.7 months, p = 0.0001; OS: 35.4 vs. 11.0 months, p &lt; 0.0001)., Conclusion: This preliminary examination revealed that the GPS was significantly associated with PFS and OS in patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy for LD-SCLC, indicating its potential utility in assessing the therapeutic outcomes in LD-SCLC., (© 2024 S. Karger AG, Basel.)