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Cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44), a marker for cancer stem cells, has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but its involvement in tumor growth has not fully been elucidated. The present study explored the associations between CD44 expression and clinicopathological features using immunohistochemistry in 94 NSCLC cases, as well as proliferation in cells with aberrant expression of this protein. Overexpression of CD44 was achieved by transfecting H1299 cells with CD44 expression vectors, and inhibition of CD44 expression was performed by transfecting small interfering RNAs into A549 cells. Cell proliferation was measured using Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and flat plate colony formation assay was performed to confirm the cellular anchorage growth in vitro. In total, 64 (68.1%) of the 94 NSCLC cases stained positive for CD44 expression. High expression of CD44 was associated with advanced T stage in NSCLC. Overexpression of CD44 in H1299 cells promoted cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro. Meanwhile, knockdown of CD44 expression in A549 cells suppressed cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro. High expression of CD44 may promote NSCLC progression by increasing cancer cell proliferation; therefore, it may serve as a potential biomarker for diagnosis or target therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to determine the difference between the clinical tumor stage (T stage) based on pre-operative ultrasound and the histopathological T stage subsequent to surgery in vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB)-diagnosed breast cancer. Tumor sizes measured ultrasonography (USG) and histologically were retrospectively calculated and analyzed using paired t-tests in 209 patients diagnosed with breast cancer using VABB. The patients were classified into two groups, consisting of breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) category 4a or below, who underwent complete resection by VABB, and BI-RADS category 4b or above, who underwent incisional biopsy by VABB. The histopathological tumor size was found to be smaller compared with the USG-determined size in 92.3% of pT1a, 75.5% of pT1b, 44.2% of pT1c, 47.7% of pT2 and 0% of pT3 cases. Furthermore, the histopathological tumor size was smaller compared with the USG-determined size in 62.8% of cases classified as BI-RADS category 3-4a and in 53.7% of cases classified as BI-RADS category 4b-5. The smaller the primary tumor at the time of diagnosis by VABB, the higher the likelihood of pathological underestimation on post-operative histopathological assessment compared to pre-operative USG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the preoperative T staging of gastric cancer and in the postoperative pathological diagnosis. In total, 30 patients with gastric cancer were investigated, including 19 males and 11 females (age, 50-69 years; mean age, 60 years). The preoperative depth of invasion (T stage) was evaluated according to the characteristics of the imaging performance. The evaluation results for the MRI T staging were as follows: T1 stage accuracy, 90% with a specificity of 96% and sensitivity of 60% (κ value=0.61; P<0.05); T2 stage accuracy, 86.7% with a specificity of 87.5% and sensitivity of 83.3% (κ value=0.71; P<0.05); T3 stage accuracy, 90% with a specificity and sensitivity of 90% (κ value=0.78; P<0.05); and T4 stage accuracy, 96.7% with a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 87.5% (κ value=0.91; P<0.05). The results demonstrated that, with reference to pathological diagnosis, the MRI method exhibited high accuracy, specificity and sensitivity in determining the preoperative T stage in gastric cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to determine the difference between the clinical tumor stage (T stage) based on pre-operative ultrasound and the histopathological T stage subsequent to surgery in vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB)-diagnosed breast cancer. Tumor sizes measured ultrasonography (USG) and histologically were retrospectively calculated and analyzed using paired t-tests in 209 patients diagnosed with breast cancer using VABB. The patients were classified into two groups, consisting of breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) category 4a or below, who underwent complete resection by VABB, and BI-RADS category 4b or above, who underwent incisional biopsy by VABB. The histopathological tumor size was found to be smaller compared with the USG-determined size in 92.3% of pT1a, 75.5% of pT1b, 44.2% of pT1c, 47.7% of pT2 and 0% of pT3 cases. Furthermore, the histopathological tumor size was smaller compared with the USG-determined size in 62.8% of cases classified as BI-RADS category 3-4a and in 53.7% of cases classified as BI-RADS category 4b-5. The smaller the primary tumor at the time of diagnosis by VABB, the higher the likelihood of pathological underestimation on post-operative histopathological assessment compared to pre-operative USG.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the preoperative T staging of gastric cancer and in the postoperative pathological diagnosis. In total, 30 patients with gastric cancer were investigated, including 19 males and 11 females (age, 50-69 years; mean age, 60 years). The preoperative depth of invasion (T stage) was evaluated according to the characteristics of the imaging performance. The evaluation results for the MRI T staging were as follows: T1 stage accuracy, 90% with a specificity of 96% and sensitivity of 60% (κ value=0.61; P<0.05); T2 stage accuracy, 86.7% with a specificity of 87.5% and sensitivity of 83.3% (κ value=0.71; P<0.05); T3 stage accuracy, 90% with a specificity and sensitivity of 90% (κ value=0.78; P<0.05); and T4 stage accuracy, 96.7% with a specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 87.5% (κ value=0.91; P<0.05). The results demonstrated that, with reference to pathological diagnosis, the MRI method exhibited high accuracy, specificity and sensitivity in determining the preoperative T stage in gastric cancer patients.