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In this article we will try to show five humorous signs used in Spanish linguistic jokes and that could be used in Spanish teaching. These signs are polysemy, homophony, paronymy, phraseology and diminutives. The election of jokes as a structure to use in teaching is based not only in the fact that it is the main humorous structure, but also in its easy to learn structure. As Attardo (2008) said, joke is the easiest humorous text type. Also, "joke is a humorous unit with no context and selfcontained, which has all the required information to be understood and enjoyed" (Martin, 2008: 37). The goal of this paper is to show how previously mentioned signs work in an internet extracted corpus, so we can get generalizations that can be used in Spanish teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is done on the entry lemma gaudeo as it appears in A Latin Dictionary and the Oxford Latin Dictionary, as well as a comparison with other verbal lemmas associated with the semantic field to express feelings (paveo, doleo, timeo, horreo and palleo). They provide enough data to state that, in order to compile this entry, the editors were, somehow, influenced by the historical and compared linguistic theoretical principles and by structuralism. This paper has a qualitative and quantitative methodological perspective, complements other scientific studies whose purpose were to demonstrate the differences and errors made in the composition of lexicographical entries of these dictionaries and provides with theoretical arguments that justify the decisions made by the editors of the lexicons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a proposal on how to select suitable vocabulary items to teach Spanish as a foreign language (SFL) based on the triangulation or complementation of three sources of lexical information: (1) the available lexicon in native Spanish speakers, (2) the most frequent vocabulary in Spanish and (3) the specific notions of the Plan curricular del Instituto Cervantes. Previously, an analysis of the lexical needs of a sample of SFL students has been carried out, whose results have been collated with the abovementioned sources of vocabulary. The found shortcomings have been evaluated in order to observe how they are covered by each of these three sources. It has been proven that each source covers different lexical needs (with a similarity of 12.5% in the covered needs and a lexical compatibility of the sources of 24%), so the viability of the triangulation is justified. The resulting proposal offers a lexical compilation in different levels that combines the benefits of several well-established selection criteria and overcomes the limitations arising from using them individually. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The second decade of the 20th century has been characterized by the reconsideration in linguistics on the role of the metaphor and the metonymy in the everyday language and in the specialized languages. Furthermore, the evolution of terminology made possible to leave behind the Wüsterian tradition, which considered these rhetorical figures as an ornamental element, and it has allowed to provide a new perspective of their role in the knowledge transmission. This paper is focused on the study of wine tasting discourse in a multifaceted perspective, considering lexical, morphosyntactic and pragmatic factors. Finally, this study concludes that wine tasting discourse is a language for specific purposes, whose primary role is to transmit objective information in a highly subjective process as wine tasting, which is characterized by terminological gaps. In order to avoid these gaps and to create specialized terms which could be shared by a community of users, wine tasters make use of metaphorization processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on some representations that Valencian students of Education have as regards plurilingualism, language transmission and the construction of identity in linguistic autobiographies.2 These students are learning to face the challenge of a plurilingual education. With this in mind, the object of study here has been these learners' perceptions of the relationship between identity and education, the process of language acquisition, and different aspects of Valencian sociolinguistic reality. This reality is based on a bilingual educational system (Valencian-Castilian Spanish), which is official since 1983. More specifically, this paper centres on two extended concepts students commonly used to express their linguistic identity as regards their first language and their second language. On the one hand, the use of the expressions "castellanoparlante" (Castilian Spanish native speaker) and "valencianoparlante" (Valencian native speaker) is explored. Such usage entails the existence of two unchangeable ethnolinguistic groups. On the other hand, the different uses of the term "lengua materna" (mother tongue) are also examined, i.e.: mother tongue as origin (the language or languages that have been learned first), mother tongue as internal identification (the language or languages one identifies with) or external identification (language or languages one is identified with), and mother tongue as competence (the language or languages that one masters) or function (the language or languages that one uses the most). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Translator education in monolingual contexts presupposes that students should develop their translation and linguistic competence concurrently, which presents a series of pedagogical challenges. This evaluative descriptive study examines the use of data-driven learning in a task-based approach (DDL-TB) for teaching grammar in a Chilean translation programme. Such an approach implies the exploration of a corpus to find different patterns or linguistic phenomena. The paper presents the design and graduation of tasks and, later, examines the translation students' and lecturer's perspectives about the suitability of this approach for English grammar teaching. The students' comments suggest that the approach allowed them to 1) reflect on the way they learn languages and 2) develop an active role in their formative process. The lecturer highlights that the approach aligns with the learning objectives of the course unit, allowing the course to be effectively 'descriptive'. It is concluded that the narratives examined in this study indicate that an ABD-ET approach would be suitable for English grammar teaching in translation education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this paper is to present a way of approaching the study of discourses from the interpretative paradigm, based on the ACD in its Latin American side as a theoretical framework and applying a predominantly qualitative and inductive methodology. This is the Method of Converging Linguistic Approaches for CDA. This method deepens the analysis of texts (written or oral) as sociodiscursive units and their purpose is to reflect on social phenomena and problems from data obtained in linguistic-discursive analysis. In this case, from the analysis of digital comments derived from a piece of news referring to the housing problem of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, it is illustrated how the method enables to study, first, the discursive categorization and, second, the focused categories including the most predominant ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers why mathematics is used in physics. It traces the use of mathematics in physics through primary school, junior high school and senior high school in NSW, Australia, considering its role from the point of view of Systemic Functional Linguistics and Legitimation Code Theory. To understand the development of mathematics, two genres that play differing roles in the discipline of physics are introduced: 'derivation' and 'quantification'. Through an analysis using the concepts of semantic density and semantic gravity from Legitimation Code Theory, these genres are shown to aid physics in developing new knowledge and linking its theory to the empirical world. This paper contributes to the growing body of research considering forms of knowledge in academic disciplines and the role of non-linguistic semiotic resources in organizing this knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an introduction to how systemic functional linguistics (SFL) and Legitimation Code Theory (LCT) offer complementary insights into education, focusing on key ideas that brought the theories into dialogue over the past decade. It begins with a review of SFL work on field, which foregrounds the role of forms of knowledge in education. It then discusses how SFL scholars engaged with and understood Bernstein's notions of 'knowledge structures' for modelling intellectual fields. This engagement raised a series of questions that were a basis for dialogue with LCT, which extends and integrates Bernstein's framework. The paper introduces key concepts from two dimensions of LCT --Specialization and Semantics-- enacted in papers in this special issue. It then briefly summarizes two major research projects into education that enact these concepts alongside SFL and provide a context to the papers of this special issue, before introducing how these papers illustrate the growing and fruitful transdisciplinary dialogue between SFL and LCT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on conventionalized and non-conventionalized indirect speech acts, and more concretely, on (indirect) requests. We do so within a Natural Language Processing environment called FunGramKB, which adheres to a cognitively-oriented Construction Grammar view of language. Here, conventionalized formulations like Can you X? are treated as constructions in their own right; that is, as entrenched form-meaning pairings and, thus, they are not considered indirect. By contrast, non-conventionalized formulations such as those instantiated by negative state remarks (e.g. I'm hungry) require degrees of inferencing for interpretation. Both types are computationally handled in different modules of FunGramKB. Our aim is to show that a cognitive version of Construction Grammar can offer a solution to the computational treatment of illocution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a morphosyntactic analysis of the colonial Chilean chronicle La restauración de La Imperial y conversión de las almas infieles (c. 1693), written by the Mercedarian friar Juan de Barrenechea y Albis. Most features in the corpus could be explained by two interrelated motives. On the one hand, the examined characteristics are present in Chilean Spanish and in some areas of Latin America during the 17th century. On the other hand, the author's high sociocultural level is responsible for the creation of this especially highbrow text among colonial Chilean chronicles, that includes linguistic phenomena of Medieval Spanish and the Spanish Golden Age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper puts forward an educational proposal that reclaims the role of graffiti as the object of study of the subject of Spanish for foreign students. Letting aside its underused didactic potential from a linguistic perspective (as a written text), the graffiti can also be considered as a wonderful pedagogical tool that promotes critical thinking and the training of intellectually active citizens. The inclusion of graffiti in the curriculum is backed up by an educational framework that gives priority to transversality as the backbone that allows the improvement of pedagogy as just the transmission of knowledge and fosters the development of students capable to apply them to become socially engaged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following paper is a quantitative analysis of the influence of linguistic and social factors over the deletion of the voiced plosive series /bdg/ in Chilean Spanish, in order to determine whether the deletion of the series follows the same conditioning that has been described for its weakening. The study is based on a sample of ten informants native to Santiago in sociolinguistic interviews using four speech styles. Additionally, a careful procedure of spectrographic inspections and identification of non-deleted and deleted variants of the series was defined. After the coding and analysis, it is concluded that the voiced plosive series does not present a regular behaviour in the deletion of these segments in intervocalic contexts. Deletion of voiced plosives /b/ and /d/ was found mainly in reduced speech contexts, but style of speech was not a factor for /g/ deletion. Voiced plosive /d/ showed 65.6% of deletion, in addition to showing a stronger tendency to deletion in more linguistic contexts and across genders. Voiced plosive /b/ showed 37.6% of deletion, in similar linguistic contexts as for /d/, but more predominant in male speakers. Voiced plosive /g/ showed 5.8% of deletion, and its conditioning for deletion differed from /b/ and /d/ with regards to linguistic factors, and neither gender nor speech style were seen as factors involved in its deletion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

EU law imposes an obligation to insure motor vehicles, which entails the signing of an insurance contract, car policy insurance, that establishes rights and obligations of the insured persons. This policy must be written in an understandable language that both contracting parties may understand. This necessarily implies a suitable translation, which requires the translator to know both the textual conventions and the theoretical structure of the genre. In this paper, we present the results of a descriptive-comparative analysis of several French and Spanish car insurance policies. Our main objective is to provide scholars and professional translators with the knowledge of the genre conventions that govern this type of policies as well as its language peculiarities. The obtained findings show the differences and commonalties found in general and in particular conditions, modalities and services provided as well as relevant morphosyntactic and lexical characteristics of these textual documents in both languages. A significant selection of examples taken from French and Spanish texts supports our study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of translating puns represents one of the current main issues in translation studies, as it requires reflection, among other aspects, on the issues of linguistic correspondence and textual equivalence. Under the assumption made by Roman Jakobson that there is a difference between objective language and metalanguage, we will focus on one of the latter's translation problems: the translation of puns as an example of the intensive use of lexicon. This technique is often used by economists, journalists, and other people involved in the popularisation of science in order to facilitate the understanding and transmission of a complex concept in the simplest possible way. In this paper, we carry out a case study in which we analyse, from the point of view of general translation studies, the functions and effects of puns in economic discourse, as well as the most appropriate translation techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have dealt in this paper, with a non-normative writing for Spanish words which implies exogenous conventions, and we have distinguished it from an intervention which can be considered similar, because it also generates alternating forms separated from the corresponding norm by using non-Spanish conventions, but for writing of words that the speakers recognize as importations from other languages. On data from the commercial domain, obtained in the Buenos Aires dialectal area of Argentine Spanish, we have compared the origin of the resources used in the foreign writing for Spanish words and in the hyperforeign configurations, verifying a disparity that ratifies the characterization that we have tried out for both types of intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the linguistic characteristics of placement and removal events in Ilami Kurdish and investigates the Goal-over-Source predominance hypothesis in such events. By testing the asymmetry hypothesis in placement vs. removal events, we determined that various predicates are used to encode these events in Ilami Kurdish. Data were collected using a set of video clips including the 'put and take' stimuli (Bowerman et al., 2004) with ten Ilami Kurdish speakers, who described the occasions when placement and removal events were required. The results of this first experiment show that there are asymmetric correlations between placement and removal events in terms of verbal predicates. In fact, proportionally more fine-grained types of placement predicates are observed in the descriptions of the Kurdish consultants. Accordingly, it can be concluded that placement events, in comparison with removal events, are cognitively more salient and intricate in the mind of Kurdish speakers, which is directly connected with such linguistic distinctions as properties of the figure, force-dynamic notions, and manner of motion, which are more determinant in placement events than removal events. In the next part of this study, the Goal-over-Source predominance hypothesis was explored in placement and removal events. This hypothesis was tested on the basis of linguistic descriptions as well as a memory task. In the descriptive task, a set of video clips of placement and removal events, including different source and goal paths, was used. Respondents participating in this experiment described each scene after they watched it. In the memory task, participants were asked to watch the scenes of placement and removal events as well as matched events and then judge whether source or goal components can be matched or not. It was found that in these tasks, the goal component was mentioned more often and more accurately matched, respectively. These findings support the Goal-over-Source predominance hypothesis and highlight the cognitive importance of the goal component in placement events compared to the source component in removal events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the evidence of cross linguistic and intercultural relations concerning the semiotics of brightness in the South-Central Andean area, which displays a co-tradition regarding this subject. The research method used in this work is the translinguistic study of correlations in semiotic constellations. This concept designs the series of meaning relations that lead to the performance and understanding of sense units in different languages. From the analysis of the illa concept, which denotes 'light' in Quechua and Aymara, and the lexematic series that contain its metathesis, we point out the connection of the latter with terms in other languages, firstly Mapuche and secondarily Kallawaya, Chipaya, Lule and Kunza. The geo and ethnolectal diffusion of these 'resonances of light' and the parallel similarity in their semiotic constellations reveal the existence of a long standing intercultural life in the Andean world spreading toward the North-Patagonian area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the comprehension of sentential meaning depends on how easily speakers assign thematic roles (such as Agent or Patient) to noun phrases. This process is particularly useful for comprehending relative clauses given that when processing them speakers need to discern if they are dealing with a Subject (S) relative clause (El joven1 [que1Sujeto vino] trajo una valija, 'The young man1 [that1Subject came] brought the suitcase') or an Object (O) relative clause (El joven1 [que1Objetoyosaludé] trajo una valija, '[The young man1 [that1ObjectI greeted] brought the suitcase]'). Previous research has shown that the former type is easier to process than the latter type and it has been suggested that factors such as word order and the presence or absence of Case marking could impact the processing of O relative clauses. The present exploratory study is the first one to exploit the morphosyntactic flexibility of Spanish in order to examine four structures that combine different word orders with the presence or absence of Case marking. Following the presentation of a frequency analysis of these structures in a written corpus of Spanish, this paper presents two studies: one about spontaneous comprehension (thematic role assignment) without time limit and another one in which responses were timed. Results suggest that both canonical word order and Case marking positively impact comprehension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes some morphosyntactic and lexical aspects in the translation into Spanish of John L. Austin's How to do things with words, with the aim of studying its degree of deviation from the original text and in order to verify its situation between foreignization and domestication, that is usually the preferred choice in philosophical translations. Conclusions will be used to evaluate the convenience of a new translation of this work for the hispanic academic field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we report the discovery of Luis de Valdivia's Doctrina cristiana, catecismo y confesionario en las dos lenguas más generales que corren en la Provincia de Cuyo, which has two treaties, one Millcayac and other Allentiac. To describe the volumen, first, we place it in Valdivia's production. Secondly, we study the history of Huarpe people and their languages, Millcayac and Allentiac. Subsequently, we describe the pilgrimage of the fragments of this edition hitherto known. Finally, as research proposals, we present this volume, compared with Valdivia's work on mapudungun (1606) and III Provincial Council of Lima's "complementos pastorales" (1584-1585). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An analysis of the non-deictic second person singular uses in Chilean Spanish is presented in this paper. The dataset is made of semi-spontaneous speech, specifically, sociolinguistic inter-views, from which an exploratory corpus was extracted. In this context, the main goal of the research is to analyse the non-deictic 2nd person singular uses according to stylistic aspects through a new proposal of discourse-pragmatic categories which are related with linguistic and extralinguistic variables. Specifically, four categories are distinguished: a) generalization, b) focused generalization, c) inclusive defocalization and d) self-disguising. This classification is then correlated with the factors of forms of address and sex. Results regarding the sociolinguistic and morphosyntactic variables demonstrate that men present higher frequencies of use of the non-deictic strategies, specifically with voseo verb forms, while women tend to employ this device with tuteo. As for the categories, non-deictic usage is especially high through generalization and focused generalization, as strategies associated with a potential effect of empathy towards the interlocutor, especially in those cases where voseo is employed. In this sense, each of the categories proposed represents a specific discourse-pragmatic strategy at a stylistic variation level, which is regarded not only by the degree of formality, but also as a linguistic choice within the speakers' repertoire. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the use of Vedic svá- in the hymns of the Ṛgveda and the Atharvaveda. The aim is to show that one of its main values, together with possession, is intensification. The supporting arguments for this statement are: (a) its high frequency in discursively prominent positions of the stanza, (b) its presence in non-reflexive and non-possessive clauses, (c) its special referentiality in cases of substantivization, (d) the kind of non-reflexive nominal compounds that allows and (e) its presence in pseudo-relative clauses. This work, framed on a typological-functional theoretical approach, helps us to understand comprehensively how the diverse uses of this word are connected along the analysed corpus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many procedures to describe F0 contours in acoustic-phonetic terms. Garrido’s (1996, 2001, 2010) and z-score normalization systems have the advantage that they are automatic procedures. Therefore, this paper aims at analyzing both systems in order to determine the possible future application for the analysis of Spanish as a Foreign Language spoken by Brazilians (SFL). To do so, we analyze the melodic curves in declaratives, yes-no questions and wh-questions in Madrid Spanish, in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) spoken in the city of São Paulo and finally, in SFL. The validity of both systems was tested through a perception test with 10 Brazilian and 10 Spanish listeners. Listeners rated the degree of similarity between the signals with original intonation and signals with stylized F0 contours. The results showed that Garrido’s automatic stylization method is really able to perceptually create representations equivalent to the original ones in Spanish, BP and SFL and also better than those obtained with the procedure based on z-score normalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Language politics are always a reflex of macroeconomic and cultural organizational politics. The promotion and teaching of foreign languages come inserted in a wide planning of language and public policies of several countries. Mercosur as a political, economic and social movement for the creation of a regional bloc implies the development of language politics to provide the integration amongst the member countries. In this context Spanish and Portuguese were established as official languages for the Mercosur. This paper will present the current situation of the language politics in such regional bloc dealing with the politics for the promotion of Spanish as a Foreign Language (SFL) that were created in the Spanish-speaking member countries as well as the stage of its teaching in the only non Spanish-speaking member country --Brazil--. We will approach the role of Spain as the main diffuser of the Spanish language in Brazil and the contradictions and weaknesses that it represents to the Mercosur language integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper addresses the aspectual restriction that blocks present oriented epistemic readings for nonstative predicates. Different languages show a similar pattern, among them Spanish, which will be our focus of study. Using a formalist frame, we propose that this restriction derives from the temporal conditions of predicate evaluation and the possibility of being coordinated with the punctual speech time. States are evaluable in points of time, while events must cover an interval (Hallman, 2010). The article develops some empirical consequences of this idea, leading to the claim that two classes of states must be distinguished: pure states and interval states (Dowty, 1979; Jaque, 2014). Finally, we present the formal correlates that our hypothesis has in the syntactic-semantic representation of the verbal phrase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This project seeks to highlight certain basic problems that the use of specific terminology may create in the provision and understanding of information in the Mental Health ambit. The paper has been divided into two parts. The first one presents different theoretical basis from which some linguistic difficulties may arise. The subsequent section extrapolates these issues to an interlinguistic scenario in order to formulate proposals that may be useful to solve them through translation processes. The final goals of this project are i) to raise awareness among readers of the positive and negative impact that language may have on those persons suffering mental disorders and ii) to provide the basis for more accurate translations that may result in a more fluent and effective communication among patients and healthcare services, either in monolingual or interlinguistic communicative environments where English and Spanish are the languages involved. In addition, we will suggest extending some of these guidelines to closely-related disciplines such as interpreting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much has been written about the effect of written corrective feedback (WCF) in a second language in the last fifteen years. Even though early studies show contradictory and controversial results, a growing body of research has recently demonstrated the efficacy of written corrective feedback in the acquisition of some linguistic features. However, still for many L2 researchers and teachers of writing, this approach is not very practical and even far from a real educational context. In addition, an emerging body of studies has researched how computer mediated communication can impact new forms of corrective feedback in the near future. Consequently, in this paper we introduce a research design for error correction in L2 writing, which is based on the robust methodology of the SLA studies, the relevance of the educational context of the studies of L2 writing and the role of technology in corrective feedback delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides and explains a data sheet to analyse the attenuation from a sociolinguistic and pragmatic point of view. The theoretical and methodological basis are established to create a common project to study the attenuation in the different varieties of Spanish and Portuguese (ES.POR.ATENUACION). The data sheet results from preliminary research based on a discursive corpus analysis and it proposes solutions for problems the analyst may face when recognising attenuation devices, especially those that come from situational factors. This present project aims at achieving homogeneity among the researchers in the pragmatic attenuation analysis, both qualitative and quantitative. Once particular analysis are carried out, we will focus on comparative and contrastive studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Albert Sechehaye is almost exclusively known as one of the two editors of the Course in General Linguistics. Nevertheless, he did have view of his own about language and Linguistics, which he organized in several works. This paper focuses in one of such works, Programme et méthodes de la linguistique théorique, which was published in 1908 and includes disquisitions that foresee and precede notions like synchrony/ diachrony, value, and system, commonly regarded as saussurian in nature. In order to adequately gauge Sechehaye's ideas and his ties with Saussure's thought, the historical background in which both linguists were educated will be considered along with some biographical facts. Given the discrepancies between the Course in General Linguistics and Saussure's writings, inspecting Sechehaye's ideas might prove useful to read one of modern Linguistics' most important books from a new angle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Relational Network Theory (RNT) is a connectionist model of the linguistic system of the individual. In Pathways of the Brain, Lamb (1999) demonstrates that the model is neurologically plausible, but the neuroscientific evidence supporting RNT has not been updated since the publication of such volume. Moreover, RNT has not received significant attention in the last few decades, especially in the Spanish-speaking world. In an attempt to partly overcome these situations, the present paper summarizes the basic principles of RNT and offers updated evidence in favor of the theory's neurological plausibility. Furthermore, the theory is shown to have been constructed via the 'parallel structures approach' to neurolinguistic modeling, its merits and limitations being addressed from a theoretical and a methodological stance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the methodological aspects of the construction of terminological subontologies within the architecture of FunGramKB. The main hypothesis is that the multilevel model of the Nuclear Ontology in FunGramKB (metaconceptual level, basic level and terminal level) can be connected to a terminological subontology in order to minimize redundancy and maximize information knowledge. One of the features of this subontology is, firstly, its implementation for the creation of a specialized module in the Ontology and, secondly, its focus on deep semantics, in contrast with the vast majority of terminological ontologies, which are based on surface semantics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the variation between the following sentences: (1) "una concepción que no la tiene consciente" and (2) "una concepción que no tiene consciente". Case (1), unlike (2), shows a relative clause with a clitic (called "reassumptive" or "pleonastic") that explicitly retrieves the antecedent. We propose the speaker reiterates the antecedent with the clitic, when having established the theme, he is not yet sure about what he wants to say, because he intends to introduce new information, or because he intends to produce a contrast. In those cases, the speaker distributes again the Theme/Rheme progression of the relative clause recreating the informative progression of a sentence. We make a quantitative and qualitative analysis of authentic data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The following research deals with the intonation of utterances in Chilean Spanish with stress clashes: the presence of two or more successive stressed syllables. In order to do this, and from the perspective of acoustic analysis, an experiment was devised to observe the frequency of use of each of the seven main stress clash management strategies reported in the literature (Prieto et al., 1995; Almeida, 2001). The results support the notion of tonal peaks as targets (Prieto, 2003) and the expected use of a single tonal peak in contexts of stress clash. They also establish some unexpected relationships between certain sets of the aforementioned strategies; as well as between utterances with different prosodic patterns. Based on the results of this investigation, this paper also attempts to propose a tentative categorization of stress clash management strategies in order to improve the current understanding of stress in Spanish and to facilitate future research in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]