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Purpose: To examine the proportion of Demodex folliculorum and D. brevis in the eyelashes of healthy and immunocompromised patients. Methods: Eyelashes were taken from 95 patients at the Pomeranian Medical University, Clinic of Haematology, and from 1091 healthy controls. Results: Demodex folliculorum and D. brevis were found in 22.9% of controls and in 20% of immunocompromised patients. In neither the control group nor the immunocompromised patients did we observe a correlation between the proportion of symptoms of blepharitis and the presence of Demodex spp. - symptoms including burning sensations, loss of eyelashes, sensitivity to light, smoke and dust, dacryorrhea (excessive flow of tears), and foreign body eye sensation. A correlation between itching eyes and Demodex spp. infection was found only in the control group. A correlation between the proportion of cylindrical dandruff in eyelashes and the occurrence of Demodex spp was found in both the control group and immunocompromised patients. Conclusion: Proportions of D. folliculorum and D. brevis, and also symptoms of blepharitis were similar in the control group and immunocompromised patients. Immunosuppression did not seem to increase the rate of Demodex spp. infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]