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In an optical multiple input multiple output (MIMO) transmission system, mode coupling and mode dispersion have a significant impact on the signal recovery processes at the receiver. We describe a polarizationbased MIMO transmission by using mode division multiplexing and polarization division multiplexing over fewmode multicore fiber. We used three optical modes with x-y polarizations for 6 × 6 MIMO transmission over 75 km length of few-mode multicore fiber at 20 Gbps quadrature phase shift keying signals. Optical MIMO transmission is successfully recovered by using a recursive least squares constant modulus algorithm (RLSCMA). The simulation results show that RLSCMA enhanced the system performance of optical MIMO transmission system by employing sufficient adaptive equalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]