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High quality of Tb3+-single doped and Tb3+/Pr3+ co-doped CaF 2 crystals were grown by the temperature gradient technique (TGT). Pr3+ ions were used as sensitizing ions of Tb3+. Optical properties including absorption spectrum, emission spectrum, and fluorescence decay curve were recorded. Through co-doping sensitizing ions of Pr3+, the absorption cross section around 480 nm increased from 0.007 × 10−20 cm2 to 0.3 × 10−20 cm2, the large value is beneficial for the absorption of LD pump source. Judd-Ofelt theory was used to analyze the spectroscopic parameters. Fluorescence branch ratio, transition probability, radiative and fluorescence lifetimes, and quantum efficiency were determined as well. The emission cross section of Tb,Pr:CaF 2 for the green emission at 544 nm and yellow emission at 587 nm corresponding to the transition of 5D 4 →7F 5 and 5D 4 →7F 4 were calculated to be 5.56 × 10−22 cm2 and 8.78 × 10−23 cm2, respectively, which is comparable to the Tb3+ doped CaF 2 crystal. • Tb:CaF 2 crystal and Tb/Pr co-doped CaF 2 crystal were grown by TGT method. • Pr3+ ions were used to improve the absorption cross section of Tb3+ ions. • Judd-Ofelt theory was used to analyze the spectroscopic parameters. • Tb,Pr:CaF 2 crystal is a potential laser material for green and yellow oscillation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tb3+ doped Y 3 Al 5 O 12 (Tb:YAG) single crystal has been grown by the Czochralski method. Optical spectroscopic characterization of the crystal was performed in order to evaluate the potential for the visible laser application. Based on the Judd–Ofelt theory, the spectroscopic parameters Ω t (t = 2, 3, 6), spontaneous transition probabilities, fluorescence branch ratio and the radiation lifetime of excited state 5D 4 state were calculated. The green emission cross section of 5D 4 →7F 5 transition were calculated to be 1.23 × 10−21 cm2 , The yellow emission cross section of 5D 4 →7F 4 transition were calculated to be 7.08 × 10−23 cm2. The decay time of the 5D 4 level was measured to be 3.12 ms, which is in reasonable agreement with the radiation lifetime of 3.30 ms. All the results indicate the potential of Tb:YAG crystal as a visible laser material. • Tb:YAG crystal was grown by Czochralski method. • Judd-Ofelt theory was used to analyze the spectroscopic properties of Tb:YAG for the first time. • Tb:YAG crystal is a potential laser material for yellow and green laser output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]