Search

Background: Obesity is increasing rapidly in our country leading to many chronic diseases and health related issues. Intermittent fasting proves to be beneficial in treating obesity in other countries but have not been much researched in Pakistan. If proves valuable IF can prevent adults from falling prey to crash diets and unhealthy diet practices which promotes bad health. Aims: To evaluate the impact of IF on weight loss in adults, to evaluate impact of physical activity on weight loss during IF and to check weather calorie restriction is necessary or not for weight loss. Methods: We did an experimental study on a sample of 30 adults, which followed IF for 1 month. They were provided with online counseling and guidelines to follow. Moreover, they were divided into two groups A and B one with physical activity of 20 min walk and one without it to see the impact of physical activity on IF. Plus an online survey was created after 1 month to know how much weight they lose and how they feel about this regimen. SPSS V21 was the tool used to analyze the data Results: IF is a beneficial practice to treat obesity. However Physical activity increases the impact of weight loss however people also reduced weight without any activity. There were no major side effects. People find it unique and easy to follow. They were prone to follow it in future too for weight loss purposes. Practical implication: By the help of this study we will get to evaluate the impact of IF on health parameters in Adults. IF will be easy to follow and will show long term effects without showing any rebound effects. Moreover, we need more data in this particular field for appropriate use and application of this regimen in Asian households and cultural aspects. It can promote public health in Pakistan. Conclusion: The research concludes that intermittent fasting is helpful in reducing weight but it is more effective in males as compared to females. Two groups were made A group was doing IF with exercise while the B group only do Intermittent fasting, more weight loss has been seen in A group as compared to group B. Keywords: Intermittent fasting (IF), physical activity, weight loss, adults.

Objective: To determine the frequency of Hepatitis B Virus antigen among jaundiced children admitted in pediatric unit. Materials and Methods: A total of 180 children, aged 1-15 years admitted with jaundice in the hospital were included from Jan-2022 to May-2022. While children pre-vaccinated against Hepatitis B as these children are pre-diagnosed for negative HVB antigens or children suffering from any kind of malignancy e.g. hepatocellular carcinoma or gastro-intestinal carcinoma were excluded. Blood samples were taken from every children by a phlebotomist and were sent to the central laboratory of the hospital for HBV detection. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) test was used to confirm diagnosis of seropositivity of HBV. Results: The mean age study was 8.89+4.13 years. There were more males as compared to females in this study. There were 115 (63.9%) males and 65 (36.1%) females. The mean duration of jaundice in this study was 13.6+10.25 days. Hepatitis B virus infection was diagnosed in 33 (18.3%) patients. HBV antigen was detected in 26 (22.6%) males and only 7 (10.8%) girls (p-value 0.04). Conclusion: Children with jaundice have a greater risk of hepatitis B virus seropositivity (18.3%). Male children are more likely than females to get infected with HBV. Keywords: Jaundice, Hepatitis B, Seropositivity.

Aim: To Translate and validate Pediatric balance scale in Urdu language among Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder population. Methods: This was descriptive linguistic validation study with non probability sampling technique consisted on five phases. In first phase, translation of original pediatric balance scale (PBS) was translated into target language Urdu by two independent translators (T1, T2), one from Urdu educational background and other one from pediatric practicing medical professional (Forward Translation). In second phase, the two translated versions (T1, T2) were backward translated by two independent translators (T3, T4), one from English educational background and other one from pediatric practicing medical professional (Backward Translation). In the third phase, forward and backward versions were compared to the original version, and discrepancies were resolved, the format was changed, inappropriate terms were rejected, and the equivalence of the original and final versions was verified by an expert committee at the end of the process and generated (T5) final version. In the fourth phase, data was obtained from 20 clinical pediatric professionals for validity testing using the Final translated version (T5). In the fifth phase, data was collected from ADHD parents and caregivers who came to hospitals and special schools with prior consent and met the inclusion criteria for reliability. Results: The mean age of parents and care givers was 46.52 and standard deviation was 0.9674. The content validity of Translated version Urdu (T5) was 0.86 which seems to be acceptable. The calculated Chronbach’s alpha was 0.966 which is measuring correlations between different items on the PBS. Test re-test reliability ranged from 0.616-0.950 which means information remained consistent over brief periods. Intra-class correlation coefficient value ranged from 0.897 - 0.974 with statically significant value. Conclusion: Urdu version of Pediatric Balance Scale is reliable and valid tool for the assessment of balance in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder. Keywords: Translation, Validation, Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS), Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD)

Background: Defining hypertension in pregnancy, it is taken as systolic blood pressure of 140 or more and diastolic blood pressure of 90mg or more. Presence of proteinurea differentiates chronic hypertension and gestational hypertension from pre eclampsia .Prevalence and incidence of hypertension in pregnancy along with its complications like end-organ damage, preeclampsia, eclampsia, and postpartum eclampsia are increasing. Gestational hypertension and its sequels are major causes of fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality and affect almost 8% of pregnancies. Labetalol and methyldopa were effective in reducing systolic and diastolic BP significantly but labetalol was found to control BP more rapidly and efficiently. Safety profile of both drugs was similar. The rationale of this study is Labetalol is more effective in comparison with Methyldopa in pregnancy induced hypertensive females in terms of control of blood pressure within 48hours of drug intake, in pregnant patients between POG of 28 to 32 weeks. Design: Randomized control trial. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Gynaecology Unit 2 Bahawal Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur from 1st January 2022 to 31st December 2022. Methodology: One hundred 100 patients having gestational hypertension between periods of gestation from 28to 32 weeks were enrolled. They were divided into 2 groups; group A treated with labetalol and B treated with methyldopa respectively. Results: Statistical no significant difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was observed before starting treatment in both groups but a significant fall in diastolic blood pressure was observed in group A after 48 hrs of initiation of treatment i.e., with labetalol (P = 0.007) Conclusion: Both labetalol and methyldopa reduce blood pressure in women with gestational hypertension but labetalol is more effective than methyldopa as proved by our study. Keywords: Gestational hypertension, Diastolic blood pressure, Labetalol, Methyldopa