1. A flotation/sieving method to detect Echinococcus multilocularis and Toxocara spp. eggs in soil by real-time PCR
- Author
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Franck Boué, Jean-Marc Boucher, Camille Renault, Marie-Lazarine Poulle, Gérald Umhang, Christophe Caillot, Matthieu Bastien, Vanessa Hormaz, Marine Faisse, Protozooses Transmises par l'Alimentation (Cryptosporidiose, Giardose et Toxoplasmose) : Mode de Contamination et Pathogénie (PROTAL) - EA 3800 (PROTAL), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-SFR CAP Santé (Champagne-Ardenne Picardie Santé), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)-Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Eco-éthologie (2C2A-CERFE), and Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Veterinary medicine ,Carnivora ,Foxes ,Toxocara spp ,Feces ,Soil ,Soil contamination ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Environmental samples ,Zoonoses ,Parasite hosting ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,biology ,030108 mycology & parasitology ,DNA, Helminth ,Echinococcosis ,3. Good health ,Infectious Diseases ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,Research Article ,Veterinary (miscellaneous) ,Echinococcus multilocularis ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Toxascaris ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dogs ,parasitic diseases ,medicine ,Helminths ,Animals ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Ovum ,Toxocara ,[SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,DNA extraction ,Insect Science ,Cats ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Parasitology ,Parasite eggs ,Real-time PCR - Abstract
Soil can be a source of human infection by many zoonotic helminth species including Echinococcus multilocularis and Toxocara spp. The prevention of alveolar echinococcosis could be greatly improved through the identification of at-risk areas. Yet very few data are available about the detection of E. multilocularis in soil, while more studies have been reported for Toxocara spp. Identification of soil contamination by E. multilocularis eggs requires the use of specific methods. This study describes the development of a method for the detection of E. multilocularis in soil samples with the concentration of eggs using a flotation/sieving method and detection by duplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Toxocara spp. egg detection was also undertaken due to the widespread presence of this parasite in soil, despite it being considered less pathogenic. Method sensitivity of 100% was reached for the detection of 10 E. multilocularis eggs spiked in 10 g of soil. Concerning Toxocara spp., method sensitivity was lower but assumed to be due to the reduced effectiveness of the DNA extraction protocol. The parasitological status for E. multilocularis and Toxocara spp. of 63 carnivore fecal samples collected in highly endemic rural areas of France and of soil samples collected under and near these fecal samples was compared. The contamination of soil samples collected under positive fecal samples for E. multilocularis (n = 3) or Toxocara spp. (n = 19) confirmed the transfer of eggs from the definitive host to the environment.
- Published
- 2017
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