Search

Objective (s): The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a theory-based educational intervention for increasing exercise to prevent osteoporosis in pre-menopausal women. Methods: This study used a randomized controlled design to evaluate an 8-week exercise education intervention program based on the Health Belief Model and Self Regulation construct to prevent osteoporosis in 140 pre-menopausal women. Results: The results of post intervention and 3 months follow up revealed that individuals in the experimental group had a positive and significant progress, whereas no progression occurred in the control group. After the intervention, the experimental group demonstrated significant improvements in physical activity, muscle strength and feasibility, with no significant changes in the control group. Conclusion: These results support the applicability of the integrated model for a physical activity intervention in order to prevent osteoporosis in women.

Objective (s): The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of an educational package on attitude, self efficacy and tobacco use preventive behaviors of adolescents in Zarandieh, Iran. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. A sample of high school male students was randomly divided into two groups: cases (n=80) and controls (n=80). All cases received an educational intervention in 6 sessions while the controls did not. Data were collected using a questionnaire containing items on attitude, self-efficacy and preventive behaviors at two points in time: before intervention and at 6 months follow-up. Results: The mean age of respondents was 16.3 (SD = 1.4) years. Before the intervention, there were no significant differences between cases and controls on smoking and knowledge, attitudes, self-esteem, self-efficacy and preventive behaviors (p>0.05). However, there were significant differences between cases and controls on all measures including tobacco use after the intervention (p

Objective (s): The purpose of this study was to test predictors of physical activity to prevent osteoporosis using an adapted form of the Health Belief Model in a sample of women. Methods: This was a cross sectional study among women aged 30 years and over using a theory-based new instrument. In this methodological study, path analysis was used for testing predictors of a desired behavior (physical activity). Results: In all 240 women wer entered into the study. The results obtained form path analysis indicated that the data was fit with the extended Health Belief Model (χ2/df= 2.54, P < 0.0001, CFI = 0.94, GFI = 0.96, and RMSEA = 0.07). As such results showed that the model explained 48% of variances observed. Cues to action, Self-efficacy, and Self-regulation had the greatest effect on the behavior studied. Conclusion: The findings support the application of the extended Health Belief Model for prediciting a behavior change.

Objective (s): Effective methods for preventing tobacco use are crucial for adolescents. One behavioral change theory that has been successfully used for designing smoking prevention programs is the theory of planned behavior )TPB). The aim of this study was to examine the ability of the theory of planned behavior )TPB) in preventing tobacco use among adolscents.Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, a total of 280 male junior high school students aged between 14 to 19 years (140 cases and 140 controls) were selected randomly from 4 schools of Zarandieh, Iran. The cases participated in educational classes for one month. Data was collected using a questionnaire based on the TPB on tobacco use. Two groups completed the questionnaire before and six months after intervention.Results: Our findings indicated that mean scores of the TPB constructs (knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavior control, intention) were significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the controls. Also, tobacco use decreased significantly among the experimental group after intervention (before intervention 25% vs. after intervention 10.5% in the experimental group, P

Objective (s): There is evidence that a significant proportion of People Living with HIV ( PLWH) still practice unsafe sex and this remains a challenge for HIV prevention. To effectively promote their consistent use, it was necessary to understand their sexual practices and experience of barriers to condom use. This qualitative study explored perceptions of PLWH regarding condom use barriers in the Islamic Republic of Iran.Methods: In-depth, semi-structured interviews were held with a purposively selected group of 26 PLHIV (22 male and 4 female) recruited from three HIV care clinics in Tehran. Data were analyzed using the content analysis approach.Results: Nearly all participants reported that their major barriers experienced were that condoms reduced their sexual satisfaction and caused hindered their sexual interest. Less than half of people noted to: embarrassed to buy condoms and unavailability of condoms during sexual contact. Nine percent of male patients practiced unprotected sex in the last sex.Conclusion: Risk-taking sexual behavior has been shown to decrease among HIV-infected individuals when intervention strategies are implemented in HV health care settings. Prevention efforts targeting HIV-positive to assist them in adopting and maintaining safer sexual behaviors need to be intensified.

Objective(s): To evaluate the effect of abdominal hysterectomy on Body Image Scale (BIS) on women in educational hospital in Tehran.Methods: Analytical prospective study of the body image scale by 73 married women 35 to 55 years old based on entering criteria participating randomly in evaluate abdominal hysterectomy trial. The scale was completed pre-operatively, then 2 and 3 month post-operatively. Data was evaluated by Repeated Measures and Pair-wise comparisons in SPSS software.Results: Significant differences in bis scores were found between women in before and 2and 3 month after abdominal hysterectomy. Demographic and reproductive characteristic were not associated with BIS.Conclusion: Abdominal hysterectomy was effective on women Body image in short period of time.

Objective(s): A far-reaching body of the literature highlights that continuous performing of diabetes self-management behaviors is effective on diabetics. Nowadays among self-care behaviors, physical activity is the most important behavior that influences diabetes control. This study aimed to understand and predict physical activity behavior based on the extended theory of reasoned action among women with type 2 diabetes, in Khoy located in Western North of Iran.Methods: An eligible sample of 352 women with type 2 diabetes, referring to a Diabetes Clinic and the Charity Foundation for Diabetes Disease participated in the study. Appropriate instruments were designed to measure the variables of interest (diabetes knowledge, personal beliefs, subjective norm, self-efficacy and behavioral intention along with physical activity behavior). Reliability and validity of the instruments were examined and approved. Statistical analyses of study were conducted by SPSS package.Results: The findings of investigation indicated that there exists a statistical significant correlation among independent constructs of proposed model with Model-related dependent variables, as among constructs of model, self-efficacy was the strongest predictor of intentions among women with type 2 diabetes. This construct both directly and indirectly affected physical activity behavior. In addition to self efficacy, diabetics' physical activity also is influenced by other variables of model and sociodemographic factors.Conclusion: Our findings suggest the high ability of the extended theory of reasoned action with self-efficacy in forecasting and explaining physical activity can be a base for educational intervention. Thus, for improving diabetics' physical activity behavior and finally controlling the disease, using educational interventions based on proposed model are necessary.

Objective(s): To determine the effect comparison of self efficacy(S-E) and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on Theory of Reasoned Action prediction in substance abuse avoidance by path analysis. (By Lisrel software). Therefore PBC and S-E were added to Theory of Reasoned Action. Then It was compared the model fitness and prediction percentage of intention and behavior by Theory of Reasoned Action and the other it's versions.Methods: Validity and reliability of questionnaires were assessed and data were collected from 433 high school students (15-19 years-sons) on the various components of models. Then it was compared fitness indices and percentage of intention and behavior prediction by path analysis between TRA and other it's developed versions.Results: The results indicated that fitness indices and percentage of intention and behavior prediction by the Theory of Reasoned Action in substance abuse avoidance were become well by PBC and S-E. This effect had a minimum rate in version with PBC and a maximum rate in version with SE. in addition SE was more effective than PBC in this effectiveness especially on intention prediction rate.Conclusion: The results of this study indicated PBC and S-E were increased the Reasoned Action Theory effective in substance abuse avoidance.