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Copyright of Perinatal Journal / Perinatoloji Dergisi is the property of Deomed Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Isolated levocardia is a situs abnormality that the heart is in the normal levo position, but the abdominal viscera are in dextro position. Most cases are accompanied by structural heart anomalies. In this case, we aimed to present a fetus with isolated levocardia without cardiac abnormality. Case: The mother was referred to our clinic with a suspicion of fetal dextrocardia at 22 weeks of gestation. When detailed examination was planned by ultrasonography isolated levocardia was detected in fetus. There were no cardiac abnormalities in fetal echocardiography. Fetus was followed up until delivery and newborn was examined again at postnatal period. No problem was detected until the age of 2 years, Conclusion: Fetal situs should be assessed by ultrasonography in all pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Our study aims to evaluate our clinical experience on and postnatal outcomes of the cases with primary pleural effusion and hydrops who admitted to our clinic. Methods: In our study, the cases found to have fetal pleural effusion with or without hydrops finding in the second and third trimester between January 2017 and October 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were examined in terms of the blood types, middle cerebral artery peak systolic velocity and lymphocyte levels in their pleural effusion fluid, and their detailed fetal anatomic screening, fetal echocardiography, karyotyping examination, and TORCH screening in the maternal blood were carried out. Results: Twelve patients who underwent thoracocentesis and 2 patients who did not undergo thoracocentesis were included in the study. It was found that 6 patients had hydrops and 8 patients had isolated pleural effusion. Postnatal diaphragmatic hernia was detected in 1 of the isolated cases, and it was repaired primarily. Thoracocentesis was carried out in 12 patients except 2 patients. When the effusion relapsed in 6 patients after the first thoracocentesis, the procedure was repeated in 2 patients when the labor was close. While postnatal intubation was not necessary in the newborns that underwent the repeated procedure, 4 patients who did not undergo were intubated. Emergency cesarean section was performed upon the development of fetal distress in a fetus during the second procedure. Postnatal thorax tube was placed to 6 patients who had recurrent pleural effusion. One fetus which had hydrops and whose lymphocyte rate was 1-2% in the pleural fluid died in the intrauterine period and two newborns died in the postnatal period. No complication developed in 11 patients during the follow-up period which took about 9 months. Conclusion: Having hydrops fetalis in the presence of fetal pleural effusion and detecting low lymphocyte rate in the pleural fluid affect the prognosis negatively. Performing thoracocentesis in the presence of pleural effusion together with or without hydrops and repeating the procedure when the labor is close have a positive impact on the perinatal outcomes. The families should be recommended intrauterine fetal treatment for the appropriate cases and the labor should be planned in a tertiary center. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Perinatal Journal / Perinatoloji Dergisi is the property of Deomed Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the morphology of right ventricular cavity, the tricuspid valve size and the treatments applied at postnatal period in cases with critical pulmonary stenosis (PS) having intact ventricular septum. Methods: Seven cases included in the study who were considered to have critical PS in fetal echocardiography at second and third trimesters. The fetuses found to have antegrade jet stream at pulmonary valve level and reverse flow at ductus arteriosus as well as hyperthrophy and hypoplasia on the right ventricle were determined as critical PS. The cases were categorized as bipartite or tripartite according to the morphology of right ventricular cavity. Z-score of tricuspid valve was calculated according to the week of gestation. Results: Bipartite right ventricle cavity was found in cases diagnosed at second trimester, and tripartite right ventricle cavity in cases diagnosed at third trimester. Tricuspid valve Z-score of the cases with bipartite right ventricle morphology was less than those with tripartite. Two out of seven cases were monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies. Balloon valvuloplasty was performed on postnatal second day despite the prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) infusion in 3 cases with bipartite, and 3 cases required Blalock-Taussing shunt. In four tripartite cases, cyanosis control was better by PGE1 infusion, and balloon valvuloplasty was performed on postnatal second day in 3 cases and on postnatal 55th day in 4 cases. No Blalock-Taussing shunt was required. Conclusion: In critical PS cases, the treatment methods to be applied during postnatal period may vary according to the right ventricle being of two or three parts and the stenosis level of tricuspid valve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: It is aimed to present a case of type 1 congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation which is prenatally diagnosed, and to discuss the management in these cases. Case: A 26-year-old gravida 1 patient was referred to our clinic at 20 weeks gestation. A detailed ultrasound scan was revealed that multiple anechoic cystic lesions at right lung. No additional anomaly was detected during the examinations of other systems.Type 1 congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation was diagnosed. Parents were informed about the fetal prognosis. Patient lost the follow-up and after two months, she applied to emergency with the complaint of pain. There was no fetal heart rate at the ultrasound examination and fetus was delivered vaginally. Conclusion: The differential diagnosis of type 1 congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation and the presence of concomitant anomalies are important for the management of these cases. The prognosis is good in cases with type 1 congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation without any other accompanying anomalies. Conservative management should be applied to these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To present a prenatally diagnosed case of retrocerebellar arachnoid cyst and discussion of management for this case. Case: A 24 years old, gravida 1, parity 0 pregnant woman was referred to our unit because of fetus with retrocerebellar arachnoid cyst at 22 weeks gestation. A detailed ultrasound scan was revealed a single live fetus with cranial retrocerebellar arachnoid cyst that is 28 mm*22 mm in diameter, cisterna magna that is 13.18 mm in diameter and normal cerebellum( 5th-50thh). After genetic counseling about the fetus prognosis; amniocentesis was performed. The result of fetal karyotype was 46 XX. Conclusion: Cystic anomalies are easily recognizable in the axial transcerebellar plane in the fetus. However, their differential diagnosis can be particularly diffucult. Retrocerebellar arachnoid cyst is a cerebrospinal fluıd collection and sonographically it appears as a sonolucent cystic mass. Retrocerebellar arachnoid cyst can be diagnosed by prenatal sonography into second trimester, but it should be distinquished from mega cisterna magna, Blake's pouch cyst, Dandy-Walker malformation [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To present a prenatally diagnosed case of fetal diastematomyelia and discussion of management fort this case. Case: A 26 years old gravida 1, para 0 was referred to our unit at 21 weeks gestation. A widening of the spinal canal, echogenic bony spur traversing the spinal canal, intact skin and soft tissues overlying the affected spinal segment were detected upon detailed ultrasonographic examination. Conus medullaris distance was measured as 24 mm and tethered cord syndrome was excluded. Other system examinations showed no additional anomalies. After counseling about the prognosis of fetus, the pregnancy was followed up. No neurological deficits existed in the baby delivered at 40th gestational weeks by the vaginal delivery. The newborn weighed 3280 grams and the APGAR scores were 9/10. The newborn was discharged from the hospital on the first postpartum day with the advices of regular neurological examination. Conclusion: The presence of tethered cord syndrome and other anomalies should be investigated for the management of the cases of fetal diastematomyelia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To present a prenatally diagnosed case of Ellis- Van Creveld (EVC) syndrome and discussion of management for this case. Case: A 19 years old gravida 1, para 0 was referred to our unit because of fetus with shortness in all long bones at 21 weeks gestation. Parents had consanguineous marriage. A detailed ultrasound scan revealed a single live fetus with shortness of long bones (<2.5 th) severe thoracic hypoplasia with short ribs, postaxial polydactyly of bileteral hands, and aortic hypoplasia with atrioventricular septal defect.After counseling about the fetus and prognosis, cordosentesis was performed and the pregnancy was terminated. Postmortem examination confirmed as a Ellis-Van Creveld Syndrome. Karyotype analyse was revealed a 46, XX karyotype of the fetus. Conclusion: EVC syndrome can be diagnosed by prenatal sonograpy in the second trimester but EVC should be distinguished from thoracic asphyxiating dystrophy (Jeune syndrome) and the group of short-rib polydactyly syndromes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: ıt's aimed to present a case of right aortic arch and aberran left subclavian artery anomalies which is prenatally diagnosed, and to discuss the managment of the case. Case: A 29-year-old, gravida 2, parity 1 patient was refered to our clinic because of high risk of Edward syndrome in triple aneuploidy screening test. Detailed fetal ultrasonography and fetal echocardiography performed. Right aortic arch and aberran left subclavian artery anomalies were detected. No additional anomaly was detected during the examinations of other systems. Cordosentesis was performed to patient. Normal karyotype was detected and Di George syndrome microdelesyon was not identified. Pregnancy follow-up was continued and at 39. week of gestation a healty 3240 gr male infant was delevered by vajinal delivery. Conclusion: Karyotype analysis and the other associated syndromes should be evaluated and a detailed ultrasonography examination should be performed in fetuses which right aortic arch and left subclavian artery were diagnosed. The prognosis for isolated right aortic arch and aberran left subclavian artery anomailes are good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Edward syndrome, is the second common autosomal trisomy and most of the cases are lost during their first year of life because of severe cardiac pathologies. We aimed to present a case of Edward syndrome which is prenatally diagnosed and to discuss the management in these cases. Case: A 35-year-old gravida 2, para 1 patient was referred to our clinic at 17 weeks gestation. A detailed ultrasound scan was revealed that alobar holoprosencephaly, proboscis, hypotelorism, polydactyly and midfacial cleft palate-lip. Parents were informed about the fetal prognosis and termination of pregnancy was put forward as an option. Karyotype analysis was performed. Conclusion: Edward syndrome can include holoprosencephaly and midfacial defects. Karyotype analysis should be performed and termination of pregnancy should be offered as an option for these cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the ultrasound findings and perinatal outcome after prenatal diagnosis of fetal abdominal cysts. Methods: Fetuses diagnosed with abdominal cysts between 2008 and 2013 were retrospectively analysed. Cysts arising from renal system and bowel dilatation were excluded. We described maternal, fetal and perinatal variables for all cases Results: Eighteen fetuses that are 3 males (16.7%), 15 females (83.3%) with fetal abdominal cyst were diagnosed. The mean gestational age at diagnosis of a fetal abdominal cyst was 26.78±6.75 weeks. The mean diameter of fetal abdominal cyst was 39.81±20.47 mm at diagnosis. There were 15 liveborn cases and two intrauterine deaths. One case was terminated due to multiple anomalies. Fetal abdominal cyst was resolved in four cases during antenatal period. Surgery was required in six cases (40%). Overall spontaneous mortality was 3/17 (17.7%), of which two cases were intrauterine and one case was postoperative. Conclusion: Ultrasound is not sufficient to detect the origin of fetal abdominal cysts. But the apperance and location of the cyst, fetal gender, presence of peristaltism in the cyst, presence of thick muscular wall and additional fetal anomalies are important of the diagnosis and pre-postnatal management of the cyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Our aim was to evaluate ultrasound findings and perinatal outcome after prenatal diagnosis of lymphangiomas Methods: We searched the archives of our ultrasound database at our center for cases with a prenatal diagnosis of the lymphangioma in the period from 2008 to 2013. We described maternal, fetal and perinatal variables for all cases. Results: Seven fetuses were diagnosed in our center as having the lymphangioma between 2008 and 2013. All cases were diagnosed during the second and third trimesters with the average gestational age of 24±4 weeks. The average diameter of lymphangioma were 58.4±22.5 mm at time of diagnosis. Four of the seven fetuses (57.1%) had lymphangioma in the neck. Three of the seven fetuses (42.9%) had lymphangioma in locations other than fetal neck. Fetal karyotyping was normal in all cases. Two of these fetuses was terminated. No abnormal doppler finding or hydrops were detected in the antenatal follow-up of remaining five cases. Cesarean section was performed due to dystocia for all cases. Conclusion: The risk of chromosomal abnormalities is very low in pregnancies with isolated lymphangioma. The outcome of pregnancies with lymphangioma is generally favorable and prognosis depends on their locations and size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]