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When facing a persistent chronic pain's complaints, the medical approach responds by the collection of the symptoms, the use of rating scales, the prescription of chemical treatment. If these various levels of answers are necessary to identify the relevant indication in the complaint's expression, how can we seize what the patient tells beyond, such expression of complain? Indeed, if this complaint seems at first to focus on a difficult physical sensation, it also constitutes polysemous messages which direct concern the current situation and the history of subject. Healthcare professionals who take care and accompany these painful patients must be able to question and sense various dimensions subtly hidden by unconscious in the expression of the complaint's message. In a psychodynamic perspective, the presentation of a clinical case study situation will show that the expression of the painful complaint is at the same time the indication of an impossible mourning in the history of the subject and an attempt to answer and symbolize this loss. Secondly, we shall analyze how persecution and lack of object meet each other in certain points of the painful complaint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]