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This paper discusses aquathermolysis process of heavy crude oil from Boca de Jaruco reservoir, which is developed by CSS method. The catalysts based on cobalt, nickel, iron and cupper are used to intensify the in-situ conversion processes. The active form of catalysts generates after steam injection. In second part of work the conversion of aromatic hydrocarbons depending on thermo-catalytic conditions and composition of catalysts are investigated. The thermo-catalytic treatment destructs resin and asphaltene molecules. The destruction products transform into aromatic fractions. The correlation between the C4-phenanthrene/naphtabenzothiophen ratio and the yields of aromatics and resins are revealed. The increase in high-molecular aromatic hydrocarbon, particularly tetramethyl-phenanthrene content is observed. However, the content of heteroatom compounds such as naphtabenzothiophen is constant. Based on IR-spectroscopy, the changes in composition of aromatic fraction are revealed. The lowest value of aromaticity index is detected for experiments with only hydrogen donor (without catalysts) and for experiments with Ni-, Cu-based catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses aquathermolysis process of heavy crude oil from Boca de Jaruco reservoir, which is developed by CSS method. The catalysts based on cobalt, nickel, iron and cupper are used to intensify the in-situ conversion processes. The active form of catalysts generates after steam injection. The third part of paper discusses conversion of resins and asphaltenes. The influence of thermo-catalytic conditions and composition of catalysts are also studied. The destruction of resins and asphaltenes are observed after thermocatalytic treatments. The changes in composition of resins and asphaltenes are revealed by IR-spectroscopy data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is devoted to the study of aquathermolysis processes of heavy oil produced by CSS technology on Boca de Jaruco oil field. Various catalysts based on cobalt, nickel, iron and copper were used for intensification of in-situ upgrading processes of heavy oil. The first paper in series is presented results of transformation of crude oil and its saturate fraction after thermal treatment with and without catalysts by SARA analysis, MALDI mass-spectrometry, FTIR-spectroscopy and gas chromatography. It is revealed, that catalysts provide more deep conversion of asphaltenes and resins into lighter hydrocarbons. Particularly, for the given heavy oil, catalysts based on iron and nickel organic salts are more effective to reduce the content of high molecular weight components (asphaltenes). Saturates fraction after thermal treatment in presence of the catalysts is enriched with lighter alkanes in comparison to the crude oil treated without catalysts. Obtained results show that crude oil recovered by catalytic aquathermolysis processes will be better quality than the original oil in the place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, the effect of heating rate and different clay concentrations on light and heavy crude oils in limestone matrix was investigated by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). In DSC experiments, two main distinct reaction regions were identified in all of the crude oil + limestone matrix + catalyst, known as low- and high-temperature oxidation respectively. It was observed that addition of clay to porous matrix significantly affected the thermal characteristics and kinetics of different origin crude oils. The Borchardt and Daniels and ASTM kinetic methods were used to determine the kinetic parameters of the samples. It was observed that activation energies generated for the high-temperature oxidation region for crude oil and crude oil + clay mixtures were in the range of 148–370 kJmol−1for the Borchardt and Daniels method and 51–253 kJmol−1for ASTM methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was focused on the combustion kinetics and oxidation mechanisms of light crude oils in limestone and sandstone matrices. Similarity of the TGA-DTA curves was produced for different crude oils + limestone or sandstone mixtures indicates that the crude oil undergoes three major transitions, known as low-temperature oxidation, fuel deposition, and high-temperature oxidation when subjected to an oxidizing and constant rate environment. Kinetic analysis of the low- and high-temperature oxidation regions was performed using the ASTM and Arrhenius kinetic methods. In reaction mechanism of the combustion reactions, oxidation mechanisms, and rate-controlling steps of fluid-solid reactions in limestone matrix was also determined. It was observed that the linear behavior at elevated temperatures justifies the assumption that chemical reaction was the controlling step. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]