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Light and temperature are two major factors for plant growth. Carotenoids are important photoprotective and light-harvesting pigments in photosynthetic organs. Therefore, this study explored photosynthesis and carotenoid-related metabolism under control (CK), low-light (L), and low-temperature and low-light (LL) conditions by using the pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) varieties Longjiao 5 and Hangjiao 4. We found the increased inhibition of plant growth and photosynthetic capacity under both L and LL stress. Meanwhile, carotenoid-related metabolic compounds accumulated in pepper showed different responses to the two stresses. Significantly, zeaxanthin contents were 6.69-8.88 times higher under LL than that of CK, α-carotene contents were 0.9-2.1 times higher under L than that of CK, which may enhance the tolerance to LL and L. Our findings provide a foundation for further research on the molecular mechanism of carotenoid functions regarding L and LL tolerance by regulating photosynthesis.

Light and temperature are two major factors for plant growth. Carotenoids are important photoprotective and lightharvesting pigments in photosynthetic organs. Therefore, this study explored photosynthesis and carotenoid-related metabolism under control (CK), low-light (L), and low-temperature and low-light (LL) conditions by using the pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) varieties Longjiao 5 and Hangjiao 4. We found the increased inhibition of plant growth and photosynthetic capacity under both L and LL stress. Meanwhile, carotenoid-related metabolic compounds accumulated in pepper showed different responses to the two stresses. Significantly, zeaxanthin contents were 6.69-8.88 times higher under LL than that of CK, a-carotene contents were 0.9-2.1 times higher under L than that of CK, which may enhance the tolerance to LL and L. Our findings provide a foundation for further research on the molecular mechanism of carotenoid functions regarding L and LL tolerance by regulating photosynthesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]