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In brief: External compression is widely advocated for treating acute sports injuries. However, the rationale for using it is seldom discussed. Maintaining joint function and reducing pain and secondary hypoxic tissue death lead to more rapid and complete recovery of edema associated with sprains and strains. Poorly managed edema may contribute to the development of restricted range of motion, muscle atrophy, reduced ligament tensile strength, and joint laxity-all of which predispose an athlete to reinjury. The mechanism of action of external compression in controlling edema may be explained on the basis of its effect on capillary filtration and lymphatic drainage.

In brief: Edema associated with the inversion ankle sprain can be minimized by using a U- shaped compression pad held in place against the soft tissue around the fibular malleolus by an elastic wrap or tape. Control of edema allows earlier mobilization of the ankle joint, which reduces recovery time and permits the earliest possible return to sports participation. Factors to be considered in the construction of a compression pad include shaping, firmness, and conformability to the contours of the ankle and foot. Optimal results are obtained through continuous use of a U-shaped pad beneath an adjustable form of compression for as long as the potential for edema exists.