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The competition between forward stimulated Raman side scatter (FSRSS) and backward stimulated Raman side scatter (BSRSS) is investigated in inhomogeneous plasma using particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. Experimental observations at the National Ignition Facility have demonstrated the significance of stimulated Raman side scatter or backscatter instability compared to two-plasmon-decay under ignition-scale conditions for various laser beam geometries. Side scatter refers to the geometry where the Raman scattered light is generated in a direction perpendicular to the local density gradient. For an obliquely incident pump, the scattered light can either copropagate (FSRSS) or counter propagate (BSRSS) with respect to the pump. Under ignition-scale conditions, linear analysis shows that both BSRSS and FSRSS are absolutely unstable (temporally growing) at higher densities ( n e ∼ 0.2 n c ), whereas at lower densities ( n e ∼ 0.1 n c ), BSRSS becomes convective with substantial gain, while FSRSS remains absolute. Two-dimensional PIC simulations demonstrate that the competition between BSRSS and FSRSS is sensitive to the density. BSRSS tends to dominate at higher densities, while FSRSS becomes dominant at lower densities. At moderate densities ( n e ∼ 0.15 n c ), FSRSS and BSRSS coexist. Furthermore, an increase in laser intensity leads to enhanced electron trapping, which kinetically strengths and then saturates BSRSS in the lower density region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 2D analytical model is presented for the generation of plasma wakes (or bubbles) with an ultra-intense laser pulse by taking into account the response of plasma ions. It is shown that the effect of ion motion becomes significant at the laser intensity exceeding 1021 W/cm2 and plasma background density below 1019 cm-3. In this regime, ion motion tends to suppress the electrostatic field induced by charge separation and makes the electron acceleration less effective. As a result, the assumption of immobile ions overestimates the efficiency of laser wake-field acceleration of electrons. Based on the analytical model, the dynamics of plasma ions in laser-induced wake field is investigated. It is found that only one bubble appears as the plasmas background density exceeds the resonant density and the deposited laser energy is concentrated into the bubble, resulting in the generation of an ion bunch with extremely high energy density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]