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Taxonomic and phylogenetic studies on Perenniporia were carried out. Phylogeny based on ITS and nrLSU regions revealed that a species clustered within the Perenniporia s.s. clade, further morphological study showed three specimens collected from Hubei Province, central China represent an undescribed species. In the present study, Perenniporia punctata sp. nov. is described. It is characterized by its perennial, resupinate basidiocarps, small circular pores (6–9 per mm) with colour of cream, buff-yellow to pale yellow which turned to clay-buff to cinnamon when bruised, distinctly stratified tubes, a dimitic hyphal system with slightly dextrinoid, cyanophilous skeletal hyphae, and broadly ellipsoid to subglobose, truncate, hyaline, thick-walled, smooth, IKI–, strongly cyanophilous basidiospores (5.5–7 × 4–6 µm).

Perenniporia subacida (Peck) Donk, previously known as Polyporus subacidus Peck (Peck 1885), causes a serious wood rot disease in tropical and temperate forests (Gilbertson & Ryvarden 1987, Ryvarden & Gilbertson 1994, Núñez & Ryvarden 2001, Dai et al. 2002, Decock & Stalpers 2006, Zhao et al. 2013, Ryvarden & Melo 2014). Peck (1885) described this taxon with four varieties, Polyporus subacidus var. stalactiticus Peck, P. subacidus var. tenuis Peck, P. subacidus var. tuberculosus Peck and P. subacidus var. vesiculosus Peck based on different hosts and this species has been transferred into several genera, Poria Pers., Chaetoporus P. Karst, Oxyporus (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk and Perenniporia Murrill (Saccardo 1888, Bondartsev & Singer 1941, Parmasto 1961, Donk 1967).

Truncospora wisconsinensis sp. nov., a new poroid wood-inhabiting species, is proposed based on a combination of molecular and morphological data. This species demonstrates a unique combination of characters including: annual habit; pileate basidiomata with a white pileus and pore surface; a dimitic hyphal system with non- to slightly dextrinoid, cyanophilous skeletal hyphae; and ellipsoid, truncate, slightly thick-walled, strongly dextrinoid basidiospores. Phylogenetic analyses using ITS and partial tef1-α support the position of this new species as a sister clade of T. ohiensis.

A new polypore, Truncospora macrospora, is described from Southwest China on the basis of morphological and molecular characters. T. macrospora is characterized by an annual habit, pileate basidiocarps with a distinct crust, dimitic hyphal system with dextrinoid skeletal hyphae, and large ellipsoid, truncate, strongly dextrinoid basidiospores (16.5–19.5 × 8.0–9.5 μm). Molecular study based on sequence data from the nuclear ribosomal ITS and LSU regions supported the position of the new species in Truncospora, forming monophyletic lineage with strong support (100% BP, 1.00 BPP). Truncospora and Perenniporiella were proved to be sister-genera and grouped with other genera of Perenniporia sensu lato within the core polyporoid clade. An identification key to the species of Truncospora worldwide is provided.