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This study consists in evaluating the antibacterial activity of the medicinal plant Cyperus conglomeratus, very widespread in the valley of Oued Righ (south-east of Algeria). The results of the ethnobotanical survey show that this plant has diversified therapeutic properties and is used in several phytotherapeutic applications. The evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of phenolic extracts of the plant on Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains, such as: Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa shows that butanol and ethyl acetate extracts have shown moderate activity against these five strains. On the other hand, the chloroformic extract showed an appreciable activity. Phytochemical screening confirms that the families responsible for the good antibacterial activity detected, are mainly responsible for phenols, flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and glycosides, which are found in variable amounts in the aerial parts of the plant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]