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Your search keyword '"Raoult, Didier"' showing total 41 results
Start Over Author "Raoult, Didier" Publication Year Range Last 50 years Journal plos neglected tropical diseases
41 results on '"Raoult, Didier"'

2. A Listeria monocytogenes clone in human breast milk associated with severe acute malnutrition in West Africa: A multicentric case-controlled study

Author

Sarr, Marièma, primary, Tidjani Alou, Maryam, additional, Delerce, Jeremy, additional, Khelaifia, Saber, additional, Diagne, Nafissatou, additional, Diallo, Aldiouma, additional, Bassene, Hubert, additional, Bréchard, Ludivine, additional, Bossi, Vincent, additional, Mbaye, Babacar, additional, Lagier, Jean-Christophe, additional, Levasseur, Anthony, additional, Sokhna, Cheikh, additional, Million, Matthieu, additional, and Raoult, Didier, additional

Published
2021
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4. Sunbathing, a possible risk factor of murine typhus infection in Greece

Author

Labropoulou, Stavroula, primary, Charvalos, Ekatherina, additional, Chatzipanagiotou, Stylianos, additional, Ioannidis, Anastasios, additional, Sylignakis, Panagiotis, additional, Τaka, Styliani, additional, Karageorgou, Ioulia, additional, Linou, Maria, additional, Mpizta, Giota, additional, Mentis, Andreas, additional, Edouard, Sophie, additional, Raoult, Didier, additional, and Angelakis, Emmanouil, additional

Published
2021
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6. Head Lice of Pygmies Reveal the Presence of Relapsing Fever Borreliae in the Republic of Congo

Author

Amanzougaghene, Nadia, Akiana, Jean, Ndombe, Géor Mongo, Davoust, Bernard, Nsana, Nardiouf Sjelin, Parra, Henri-Joseph, Fenollar, Florence, Raoult, Didier, Mediannikov, Oleg, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville (CHUB), Institut Hospitalier Universitaire Méditerranée Infection (IHU Marseille), INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and COMBE, Isabelle

Subjects
Male, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, Body lice, [SDV.MHEP.CSC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, parasitic diseases, Animals, Humans, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Borrelia infection, skin and connective tissue diseases, Phylogeny, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, [SDV.MHEP.ME]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Acinetobacter, Borrelia, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Pediculus, Relapsing Fever, Acinetobacter infections, lcsh:RA1-1270, Lice Infestations, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, [SDV.MHEP.CSC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Cardiology and cardiovascular system, Congo, Haplotypes, Head lice, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Haplogroups, Female, [SDV.MP.BAC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, [SDV.MP.PAR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Head lice, Pediculus humanus capitis, occur in four divergent mitochondrial clades (A, B, C and D), each having particular geographical distributions. Recent studies suggest that head lice, as is the case of body lice, can act as a vector for louse-borne diseases. Therefore, understanding the genetic diversity of lice worldwide is of critical importance to our understanding of the risk of louse-borne diseases.METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here, we report the results of the first molecular screening of pygmies' head lice in the Republic of Congo for seven pathogens and an analysis of lice mitochondrial clades. We developed two duplex clade-specific real-time PCRs and identified three major mitochondrial clades: A,C, and D indicating high diversity among the head lice studied. We identified the presence of a dangerous human pathogen, Borrelia recurrentis, the causative agentof relapsing fever, in ten clade A head lice, which was not reported in the Republic of Congo, and B. theileri in one head louse. The results also show widespread infection among head lice with several species of Acinetobacter. A. junii was the most prevalent, followed by A. ursingii, A. baumannii, A. johnsonii, A. schindleri, A. lwoffii, A. nosocomialis and A. towneri. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Our study is the first to show the presence of B. recurrentis in African pygmies' head lice in the Republic of Congo. This study isalso the first to report the presence of DNAs of B. theileri and several species of Acinetobacter in human head lice. Further studies are needed to determinewhether the head lice can transmit these pathogenic bacteria from person to another.

Published
2016

15. Competence of Cimex lectularius Bed Bugs for the Transmission of Bartonella quintana, the Agent of Trench Fever

Author

Leulmi, Hamza, Bitam, Idir, Berenger, Jean Michel, Lepidi, Hubert, Rolain, Jean-Marc, Almeras, Lionel, Raoult, Didier, Parola, Philippe, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Vétérinaire d'Alger (ENSV), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire VALCORE, Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes (UMBB), Laboratoire d’Ecologie et Environnement, Université de Bab Ezzouar, HAL AMU, Administrateur, and INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Adult, Male, BACTEREMIA, animal structures, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, lcsh:RC955-962, HEMIPTERUS, Feces, Bartonella quintana, ENDOCARDITIS, INFECTION, parasitic diseases, Animals, Humans, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, CTENOCEPHALIDES-FELIS, HUMAN ERYTHROCYTES, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, fungi, Correction, CAT, lcsh:RA1-1270, bacterial infections and mycoses, B SURFACE-ANTIGEN, Trench Fever, Insect Vectors, HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, bacteria, Female, BEDBUGS, Research Article
Abstract

Background Bartonella quintana, the etiologic agent of trench fever and other human diseases, is transmitted by the feces of body lice. Recently, this bacterium has been detected in other arthropod families such as bed bugs, which begs the question of their involvement in B. quintana transmission. Although several infectious pathogens have been reported and are suggested to be transmitted by bed bugs, the evidence regarding their competence as vectors is unclear. Methodology/Principal Findings Bed bugs at the adult and instar developmental stages were fed three successive human blood meals inoculated with B. quintana bacterium from day one (D1) to D5; subsequently they were fed with pathogen-free human blood until the end of the experiment. Bed bugs and feces were collected in time series, to evaluate their capacities to acquire, multiply and expel viable B. quintana using molecular biology, immunohistochemistry and cultures assays. B. quintana was detected molecularly in 100% of randomly selected experimentally infected bed bug specimens (D3). The monitoring of B. quintana in bed bug feces showed that the bacterium was detectable starting on the 3rd day post-infection (pi) and persisted until day 18±1 pi. Although immunohistochemistry assays localized the bacteria to the gastrointestinal bed bug gut, the detection of B. quintana in the first and second instar larva stages suggested a vertical non-transovarial transmission of the bacterium. Conclusion The present work demonstrated for the first time that bed bugs can acquire, maintain for more than 2 weeks and release viable B. quintana organisms following a stercorarial shedding. We also observed the vertical transmission of the bacterium to their progeny. Although the biological role of bed bugs in the transmission of B. quintana under natural conditions has yet to be confirmed, the present work highlights the need to reconsider monitoring of these arthropods for the transmission of human pathogens., Author Summary Bartonella quintana, the etiologic agent of trench fever and other human diseases, is known to be transmitted by the feces of body lice. Recently, the DNA of this bacterium has been detected in bed bugs. Several pathogens have been associated and suggested to be transmitted by bed bugs, despite the insufficient evidence to support this vector role. The aim of the present study was to assess the competence of bed bugs in the transmission of B. quintana using an experimental artificial model of infection. To this end, bed bugs were fed with human infected blood meals. On the 3rd day post-infection (dpi) B. quintana was detected molecularly in 100% of experimentally infected bed bug. The bacterium was also detectable in bed bug feces starting on the 3rd dpi and persisted until 18±1 dpi. Although immunohistochemistry assays localized the bacteria to the gastrointestinal bed bug gut, B. quintana was also detected in the first and second instars larva. The present work highlights the need to reconsider monitoring of bed bugs for the transmission of pathogens.

Published
2015

16. Detection of Rickettsia felis, Rickettsia typhi, Bartonella species and Yersinia pestis in fleas (Siphonaptera) from Africa

Author

Leulmi, Hamza, Socolovschi, Cristina, Laudisoit, Anne, Houemenou, Gualbert, Davoust, Bernard, Bitam, Idir, Raoult, Didier, Parola, Philippe, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR48, Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Institut des sciences biologiques (INSB-CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Liverpool, Université de Liège, Laboratoire VALCORE, Université M'Hamed Bougara Boumerdes (UMBB), and INSB-INSB-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
DNA, Bacterial, lcsh:Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine, lcsh:RC955-962, Epidemiology, Yersinia pestis, Molecular Sequence Data, Plant Science, Disease Surveillance, Disease Vectors, Tanzania, Rodents, Vector Biology, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine and Health Sciences, Animals, Humans, Clinical Epidemiology, Disease Dynamics, Rickettsia typhi, Rickettsia, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Arthropod Vectors, Biology and Life Sciences, lcsh:RA1-1270, Plant Pathology, Insect Vectors, Plagues, Polymerase chain reaction, Fleas, Infectious Disease Surveillance, Africa, Rickettsia felis, Siphonaptera, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Human medicine, Bartonella, Research Article
Abstract

Little is known about the presence/absence and prevalence of Rickettsia spp, Bartonella spp. and Yersinia pestis in domestic and urban flea populations in tropical and subtropical African countries. Methodology/Principal findings Fleas collected in Benin, the United Republic of Tanzania and the Democratic Republic of the Congo were investigated for the presence and identity of Rickettsia spp., Bartonella spp. and Yersinia pestis using two qPCR systems or qPCR and standard PCR. In Xenopsylla cheopis fleas collected from Cotonou (Benin), Rickettsia typhi was detected in 1% (2/199), and an uncultured Bartonella sp. was detected in 34.7% (69/199). In the Lushoto district (United Republic of Tanzania), R. typhi DNA was detected in 10% (2/20) of Xenopsylla brasiliensis, and Rickettsia felis was detected in 65% (13/20) of Ctenocephalides felis strongylus, 71.4% (5/7) of Ctenocephalides canis and 25% (5/20) of Ctenophthalmus calceatus calceatus. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, R. felis was detected in 56.5% (13/23) of Ct. f. felis from Kinshasa, in 26.3% (10/38) of Ct. f. felis and 9% (1/11) of Leptopsylla aethiopica aethiopica from Ituri district and in 19.2% (5/26) of Ct. f. strongylus and 4.7% (1/21) of Echidnophaga gallinacea. Bartonella sp. was also detected in 36.3% (4/11) of L. a. aethiopica. Finally, in Ituri, Y. pestis DNA was detected in 3.8% (1/26) of Ct. f. strongylus and 10% (3/30) of Pulex irritans from the villages of Wanyale and Zaa. Conclusion Most flea-borne infections are neglected diseases which should be monitored systematically in domestic rural and urban human populations to assess their epidemiological and clinical relevance. Finally, the presence of Y. pestis DNA in fleas captured in households was unexpected and raises a series of questions regarding the role of free fleas in the transmission of plague in rural Africa, especially in remote areas where the flea density in houses is high., Author Summary Fleas are associated with many bacterial diseases such as rickettsioses, bartonelloses and plague. These diseases may be severe, and little is known about their prevalence. Accordingly, we believe that our data shed light on the problem of unexplained fevers in tropical and subtropical African areas. Using molecular tools, we surveyed and studied selected flea-borne agents, namely Rickettsia spp. (R. felis and R. typhi), Bartonella spp. and Y. pestis, in fleas collected in Ituri (Linga and Rethy health zone) and Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Lushoto district in the United Republic of Tanzania and in Cotonou in Benin. We found that these bacteria are present in the studied regions. R. typhi and an unidentified Bartonella sp. were detected in fleas from Cotonou (Benin). R. felis and R. typhi were also detected in the Lushoto district (United Republic of Tanzania). Finally, we detected R. felis, Bartonella sp. and Y. pestis in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. As these emerging zoonotic diseases have a global distribution and affect public health, the implementation of vector control strategies is urgent.

Published
2014

17. Q Fever in French Guiana: Tip of the Iceberg or Epidemiological Exception?

Author

Epelboin, Loïc, primary, Nacher, Mathieu, additional, Mahamat, Aba, additional, Pommier de Santi, Vincent, additional, Berlioz-Arthaud, Alain, additional, Eldin, Carole, additional, Abboud, Philippe, additional, Briolant, Sébastien, additional, Mosnier, Emilie, additional, Mendonça Gomes, Margarete do Socorro, additional, Vreden, Stephen G., additional, Pierre-Demar, Magalie, additional, Lacerda, Marcus, additional, Raoult, Didier, additional, Sampaio de Lemos, Elba Regina, additional, and Djossou, Félix, additional

Published
2016
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18. Louse-Borne Relapsing Fever (Borrelia recurrentis) in a Somali Refugee Arriving in Italy: A Re-emerging Infection in Europe?

Author

Antinori, Spinello, primary, Mediannikov, Oleg, additional, Corbellino, Mario, additional, Grande, Romualdo, additional, Parravicini, Carlo, additional, Bestetti, Giovanna, additional, Longhi, Erika, additional, Ricaboni, Davide, additional, Ehounoud, Cyrille Bilé, additional, Fenollar, Florence, additional, Raoult, Didier, additional, and Rimoldi, Sara Giordana, additional

Published
2016
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22. Mansonella, including a Potential New Species, as Common Parasites in Children in Gabon

Author

Mourembou, Gaël, primary, Fenollar, Florence, additional, Lekana-Douki, Jean Bernard, additional, Ndjoyi Mbiguino, Angelique, additional, Maghendji Nzondo, Sydney, additional, Matsiegui, Pierre Blaise, additional, Zoleko Manego, Rella, additional, Ehounoud, Cyrille Herve Bile, additional, Bittar, Fadi, additional, Raoult, Didier, additional, and Mediannikov, Oleg, additional

Published
2015
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26. Multiplex Real-Time PCR Diagnostic of Relapsing Fevers in Africa

Author

Elbir, Haitham, primary, Henry, Mireille, additional, Diatta, Georges, additional, Mediannikov, Oleg, additional, Sokhna, Cheikh, additional, Tall, Adama, additional, Socolovschi, Cristina, additional, Cutler, Sally J., additional, Bilcha, Kassahum D., additional, Ali, Jemal, additional, Campelo, Dayana, additional, Barker, Steven C., additional, Raoult, Didier, additional, and Drancourt, Michel, additional

Published
2013
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33. Orientia tsutsugamushi Stimulates an Original Gene Expression Program in Monocytes: Relationship with Gene Expression in Patients with Scrub Typhus

Author

Tantibhedhyangkul, Wiwit, primary, Prachason, Thanavadee, additional, Waywa, Duangdao, additional, El Filali, Adil, additional, Ghigo, Eric, additional, Thongnoppakhun, Wanna, additional, Raoult, Didier, additional, Suputtamongkol, Yupin, additional, Capo, Christian, additional, Limwongse, Chanin, additional, and Mege, Jean-Louis, additional

Published
2011
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35. Coxiella burnetii in Humans and Ticks in Rural Senegal

Author

Mediannikov, Oleg, primary, Fenollar, Florence, additional, Socolovschi, Cristina, additional, Diatta, Georges, additional, Bassene, Hubert, additional, Molez, Jean-François, additional, Sokhna, Cheikh, additional, Trape, Jean-François, additional, and Raoult, Didier, additional

Published
2010
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40. Genotyping of Human Lice Suggests Multiple Emergences of Body Lice from Local Head Louse Populations.

Author

Wenjun Li, Ortiz, Gabriel, Fournier, Pierre-Edouard, Gimenez, Gregory, Reed, David L., Pittendrigh, Barry, and Raoult, Didier

Subjects
LICE, INSECT populations, POPULATION genetics, PEDICULUS, PHYLOGENY, EPIDEMICS, TYPHUS fever
Abstract

Background: Genetic analyses of human lice have shown that the current taxonomic classification of head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) and body lice (Pediculus humanus humanus) does not reflect their phylogenetic organization. Three phylotypes of head lice A, B and C exist but body lice have been observed only in phylotype A. Head and body lice have different behaviours and only the latter have been involved in outbreaks of infectious diseases including epidemic typhus, trench fever and louse borne recurrent fever. Recent studies suggest that body lice arose several times from head louse populations. Methods and Findings: By introducing a new genotyping technique, sequencing variable intergenic spacers which were selected from louse genomic sequence, we were able to evaluate the genotypic distribution of 207 human lice. Sequence variation of two intergenic spacers, S2 and S5, discriminated the 207 lice into 148 genotypes and sequence variation of another two intergenic spacers, PM1 and PM2, discriminated 174 lice into 77 genotypes. Concatenation of the four intergenic spacers discriminated a panel of 97 lice into 96 genotypes. These intergenic spacer sequence types were relatively specific geographically, and enabled us to identify two clusters in France, one cluster in Central Africa (where a large body louse outbreak has been observed) and one cluster in Russia. Interestingly, head and body lice were not genetically differentiated. Conclusions: We propose a hypothesis for the emergence of body lice, and suggest that humans with both low hygiene and head louse infestations provide an opportunity for head louse variants, able to ingest a larger blood meal (a required characteristic of body lice), to colonize clothing. If this hypothesis is ultimately supported, it would help to explain why poor human hygiene often coincides with outbreaks of body lice. Additionally, if head lice act as a reservoir for body lice, and that any social degradation in human populations may allow the formation of new populations of body lice, then head louse populations are potentially a greater threat to humans than previously assumed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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41. Multispacer sequence typing relapsing fever Borreliae in Africa.

Author

Elbir H, Gimenez G, Sokhna C, Bilcha KD, Ali J, Barker SC, Cutler SJ, Raoult D, and Drancourt M

Subjects
Africa, Borrelia isolation & purification, Cluster Analysis, DNA, Bacterial chemistry, DNA, Bacterial genetics, DNA, Intergenic, Female, Genotype, Humans, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Pregnancy, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Borrelia classification, Borrelia genetics, DNA Fingerprinting methods, Genetic Variation, Molecular Typing methods, Relapsing Fever microbiology
Abstract

Background: In Africa, relapsing fevers are neglected arthropod-borne infections caused by closely related Borrelia species. They cause mild to deadly undifferentiated fever particularly severe in pregnant women. Lack of a tool to genotype these Borrelia organisms limits knowledge regarding their reservoirs and their epidemiology., Methodology/principal Findings: Genome sequence analysis of Borrelia crocidurae, Borrelia duttonii and Borrelia recurrentis yielded 5 intergenic spacers scattered between 10 chromosomal genes that were incorporated into a multispacer sequence typing (MST) approach. Sequencing these spacers directly from human blood specimens previously found to be infected by B. recurrentis (30 specimens), B. duttonii (17 specimens) and B. crocidurae (13 specimens) resolved these 60 strains and the 3 type strains into 13 species-specific spacer types in the presence of negative controls. B. crocidurae comprised of 8 spacer types, B. duttonii of 3 spacer types and B. recurrentis of 2 spacer types., Conclusions/significance: Phylogenetic analyses of MST data suggested that B. duttonii, B. crocidurae and B. recurrentis are variants of a unique ancestral Borrelia species. MST proved to be a suitable approach for identifying and genotyping relapsing fever borreliae in Africa. It could be applied to both vectors and clinical specimens.

Published
2012
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