1. Islet Autoantibody Measurements from Dried Blood Spots on Filter Paper Strongly Correlate to Serum Levels
- Author
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Christopher Goyne, Aimon K. Alkanani, Liping Yu, Kristen McDaniel, Dongmei Miao, Zhiyuan Zhao, Kimber M. Simmons, and Aaron W. Michels
- Subjects
Male ,Physiology ,Insulin Antibodies ,medicine.medical_treatment ,lcsh:Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Endocrinology ,0302 clinical medicine ,Filter Paper ,Immune Physiology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Insulin ,030212 general & internal medicine ,lcsh:Science ,Child ,Whole blood ,Immune System Proteins ,Multidisciplinary ,Venipuncture ,Radioimmunoassay ,Hematology ,Middle Aged ,Body Fluids ,3. Good health ,Laboratory Equipment ,Separation Processes ,Blood ,Engineering and Technology ,Female ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,Adult ,Adolescent ,Endocrine Disorders ,Immunology ,Equipment ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Antibodies ,Radioimmunoassays ,03 medical and health sciences ,Diabetes mellitus ,Diabetes Mellitus ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunoassays ,Aged ,Autoantibodies ,Dried Blood Spot Testing ,Diabetic Endocrinology ,Type 1 diabetes ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Autoantibody ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Proteins ,Biological Transport ,Elution ,medicine.disease ,Hormones ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ,Metabolism ,Metabolic Disorders ,Immunologic Techniques ,lcsh:Q ,business ,Zinc Transporters - Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is increasing in incidence and predictable with measurement of serum islet autoantibodies (iAb) years prior to clinical disease onset. Identifying iAb positive individuals reduces diabetic ketoacidosis and identifies individuals for T1D prevention trials. However, large scale screening for iAb remains challenging as assays have varying sensitivities and specificities, insulin autoantibodies remain difficult to measure and venipuncture is generally required to obtain serum. We developed an approach to reliably measure all four major iAb, including insulin autoantibodies, from dried blood spots (DBS) on filter-paper. By spiking iAb positive serum into iAb negative whole blood in a dose titration, we optimized the conditions for autoantibody elution from filter paper as measured by fluid phase radioimmunoassays. After assessing stability of measuring iAb from DBS over time, we then screened iAb from DBS and the corresponding serum in new-onset T1D (n = 52), and controls (n = 72) which included first-degree relatives of T1D patients. iAb measured from eluted DBS in new-onset T1D strongly correlated with serum measurements (R2 = 0.96 for mIAA, GADA = 0.94, IA-2A = 0.85, ZnT8A = 0.82, p
- Published
- 2016