Stephane Legriel, Olivier Schraub, Elie Azoulay, Philippe Hantson, Eric Magalhaes, Isaline Coquet, Cedric Bretonniere, Olivier Gilhodes, Nadia Anguel, Bruno Megarbane, Laurent Benayoun, David Schnell, Gaetan Plantefeve, Julien Charpentier, Laurent Argaud, Bruno Mourvillier, Arnaud Galbois, Ludivine Chalumeau-Lemoine, Michel Rivoal, François Durand, Arnaud Geffroy, Marc Simon, Annabelle Stoclin, Jean-Louis Pallot, Charlotte Arbelot, Martine Nyunga, Olivier Lesieur, Gilles Troché, Fabrice Bruneel, Yves-Sébastien Cordoliani, Jean-Pierre Bedos, Fernando Pico, and Critically III Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome Study Group (CYPRESS)
ObjectiveFew outcome data are available about posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). We studied 90-day functional outcomes and their determinants in patients with severe PRES.Design70 patients with severe PRES admitted to 24 ICUs in 2001-2010 were included in a retrospective cohort study. The main outcome measure was a Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) of 5 (good recovery) on day 90.Main resultsConsciousness impairment was the most common clinical sign, occurring in 66 (94%) patients. Clinical seizures occurred in 57 (81%) patients. Median mean arterial pressure was 122 (105-143) mmHg on scene. Cerebral imaging abnormalities were bilateral (93%) and predominated in the parietal (93%) and occipital (86%) white matter. Median number of brain areas involved was 4 (3-5). Imaging abnormalities resolved in 43 (88%) patients. Ischaemic and/or haemorrhagic complications occurred in 7 (14%) patients. The most common causes were drug toxicity (44%) and hypertensive encephalopathy (41%). On day 90, 11 (16%) patients had died, 26 (37%) had marked functional impairments (GOS, 2 to 4), and 33 (56%) had a good recovery (GOS, 5). Factors independently associated with GOSConclusionsBy day 90 after admission for severe PRES, 44% of survivors had severe functional impairments. Highest glycaemia on day 1 and time to causative-factor control were strong early predictors of outcomes, suggesting areas for improvement.