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Introduction Hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia are common during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and are associated with a variety of postoperative outcomes. Therefore, the strategy of intraoperative glycemic control is an important issue for the patients undergoing CABG. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of different intraoperative glycemic control strategies on postoperative outcomes. Methods and analyses We will perform this systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) according to the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Relevant studies will be searched in Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. Two independent reviewers will conduct study selection, data extraction, risk of bias and quality assessment. The primary outcome is postoperative mortality, and the secondary outcomes include the duration of mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU), the incidence of postoperative myocardial infarction (MI), the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (AF), the type and volume of blood product transfusion, the rate of rehospitalization, the rate of cerebrovascular accident, the rate of significant postoperative bleeding, the rate of infection, the incidence of acute kidney failure (AKF), hospital and ICU lengths of stay (LOS). ReviewManager 5.4 will be used for data management and statistical analysis. The Cochrane risk-of -bias tool 2.0 and GRADEpro will be applied for risk of bias and quality assessment of the evidence. Discussion There is no consensus that which strategy of glycemic control is better for improving postoperative complications of patients undergoing CABG. The results of our study might provide some evidence for the relationship between intraoperative glycemic control strategies and postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing CABG.