1. Human Galectin-9 Is a Potent Mediator of HIV Transcription and Reactivation.
- Author
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Abdel-Mohsen, Mohamed, Chavez, Leonard, Tandon, Ravi, Chew, Glen M, Deng, Xutao, Danesh, Ali, Keating, Sheila, Lanteri, Marion, Samuels, Michael L, Hoh, Rebecca, Sacha, Jonah B, Norris, Philip J, Niki, Toshiro, Shikuma, Cecilia M, Hirashima, Mitsuomi, Deeks, Steven G, Ndhlovu, Lishomwa C, and Pillai, Satish K
- Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,Humans ,HIV-1 ,HIV Infections ,Galectins ,Anti-HIV Agents ,Blotting ,Western ,Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ,Flow Cytometry ,Gene Expression Profiling ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Virus Latency ,Virus Activation ,Transcription ,Genetic ,Transcriptome ,Blotting ,Western ,Transcription ,Genetic ,Virology ,Microbiology ,Immunology ,Medical Microbiology - Abstract
Identifying host immune determinants governing HIV transcription, latency and infectivity in vivo is critical to developing an HIV cure. Based on our recent finding that the host factor p21 regulates HIV transcription during antiretroviral therapy (ART), and published data demonstrating that the human carbohydrate-binding immunomodulatory protein galectin-9 regulates p21, we hypothesized that galectin-9 modulates HIV transcription. We report that the administration of a recombinant, stable form of galectin-9 (rGal-9) potently reverses HIV latency in vitro in the J-Lat HIV latency model. Furthermore, rGal-9 reverses HIV latency ex vivo in primary CD4+ T cells from HIV-infected, ART-suppressed individuals (p = 0.002), more potently than vorinostat (p = 0.02). rGal-9 co-administration with the latency reversal agent "JQ1", a bromodomain inhibitor, exhibits synergistic activity (p
- Published
- 2016