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Carbon sphere@layered double hydroxides filled cellulose nanofibers (ACS@LDHs/CNF) aerogel was successfully synthesized. The removal rate of Cr(VI) using ACS@LDHs/CNFs aerogel at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g/L was 89.4%, which was higher compared to the removal rate of 65.2% using LDHs alone. The adsorption capacity of ACS@LDHs/CNFs for Cr(VI) was determined to be 44.9 mg/g. The adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation, and the isotherm data showed good agreement with the Langmuir model. The adsorption mechanism of Cr(VI) onto ACS@LDHs/CNFs aerogel was also investigated. Additionally, the ACS@LDHs/CNFs aerogel demonstrated consistent high adsorption efficiency over 4 consecutive cycles of adsorption-regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) coated with nanocarbon black (nano-CB), alginate and polyethylenemine was prepared by layer-by-layer self-assembly method. The successful synthesis of the target coated PU foams was demonstrated by comparing untreated and treated FPUFs. TGA results showed that the nano-CB could retard the thermal decomposition of treated FPUFs and improve the char residues of FPUF composites at high temperature. In the cone test, the peak heat release rate, peak smoke production rate and total smoke production of the PU-3 (with 17.6 wt% weight-gain) were shown to be reduced by 47.7%, 41.8% and 81.5% as compared with untreated FPUF, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A flame retardant and hydrophobic coating was prepared by layer-by-layer self-assembly on cotton fabric. The coated fabric was treated with polyethylenimine, hypophosphorous acid modified chitosan, sepiolite and poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS). The thermal stabilities of treated cotton fabrics were enhanced at high temperature compared with those of untreated cotton fabrics. The cotton fabric treated with sepiolite (cotton-3) and cotton fabric treated with sepiolite and PDMS (cotton-4) showed 50.2% and 56.1% reductions in the peak heat release rate (PHRR) values compared with those of untreated cotton. Moreover, the sepiolite and PDMS in the coating resulted in hydrophobic surfaces on the cotton fabrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]