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The great variability of cancer types demands novel drugs with broad spectrum, this is the case of Nisin, a polycyclic antibacterial peptide that recently has been considered for prevention of cancer cells growth. As an accepted food additive, this drug would be very useful for intestinal cancers, but the peptide nature would make easier its degradation by digestion procedures. For that reason, the aim of present study to investigate the protective effect of two different β-cyclodextrin-based nanosponges (carbonyl diimidazole and pyromellitic dianhydride) and their anti-cancer enhancement effect of Nisin-Z encapsulated with against colon cancer cells (HT-29). To extend its possible use, a comparison with breast (MCF-7) cancer cell was carried out. The physicochemical properties, loading efficiency, and release kinetics of Nisin complex with nanosponges were studied. Then, tricin-SDS-PAGE electrophoresis was used to understand the effect of NSs on stability of Nisin-Z in the presence of gastric peptidase pepsin. In addition, the cytotoxicity and cell membrane damage of Nisin Z were evaluated by using the MTT and LDH assay, which was complemented via Annexin-V/ Propidium Iodide (PI) by using flowcytometry. CD-NS are able to complex Nisin-Z with an encapsulation efficiency around 90%. A protective effect of Nisin-Z complexed with CD-NSs was observed in presence of pepsin. An increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells was observed when the cancer cells were exposed to Nisin Z complexed with nanosponges. Interestingly, Nisin Z free and loaded on PMDA/CDI-NSs is more selectively toxic towards HT-29 cells than MCF-7 cancer cells. These results indicated that nanosponges might be good candidates to protect peptides and deliver drugs against intestinal cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyclodextrins (CDs) are a good alternative to reduce or enhance different biomolecule characteristics and have demonstrated great results in food science. However, CDs present intrinsic limitations that can be solved by derivative synthesis. This review represents a survey of the state of the art of CD-based materials and their uses in food science. A deep review of the structure is carried out and different groups for ordination are suggested. After that, different applications such as cholesterol complexation or its use as sensors are reviewed. The derivatives show novel and promising activities for the industry. A critical perspective of the materials suggests that they might not present toxicity, although more studies are required. These points suggest that the research in this field will be increased in the following years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]