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This study investigated how library and information science (LIS) scholars who used qualitative data explained and justified their methods. It analyzed research tasks mentioned in the methods sections of 151 peer-reviewed LIS studies published from 2011 to 2015 and in a survey of their authors. The study assumed that professors of LIS would express different methodological concerns and perspectives than practicing librarians would. Findings show less contrast than expected between academics and practitioners and highlight five ways in which scholars in both groups frame ideas about rigorous research practices using quantitative and qualitative paradigms. The study provides a basis for expanding conversations about methodology to increase rigor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]