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Reliability of renewable energy generation forecast became particularly important since its share denotes a constant growth in the global energy mix and the uncertainty of supply continuity resulting from this rises. Given the numerous geographic and meteorological factors that greatly influence the results of a more general probabilistic determination, an accurate prospect is hardly possible when enlarging the territory or the time span. Moreover, power systems disturbances and load variation, also unpredictable, overlap the inherent intermittency of renewable energy based plants electricity output, further complicating to obtain a satisfactory estimates. This paper aims to assess the variation trend of wind energy, photovoltaic, biomass and hydro energy based on momentary recording of power generation and demand for the last decade in Romania. First, the multiple variables influencing the recorded power generated by each source were identified and coefficient matrices determined by regression, for each day. Forwards, the cumulative probability of achieving a certain renewable energy share in meeting electricity demand for selected days is calculated after fitting the most suitable distribution. Results are presented for the minimum and maximum average electricity demand days, considered to be representatives in terms of system loading. Using the most recent registrations of system's electricity generation and demand, for 2017, the assessments are estimated dependences are evaluated. Available data processing and computational algorithms were developed in Matlab programming environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy sources (RES) are of great interest across the world, since it can be used to obtain clean, green energy, thus minimizing the environmental pollution. Romania has an important potential for development of renewable energy, in the hydro, wind, solar, geothermal, and biomass fields. But the market of RES expands or shrinks being influenced by policies, technologies and financial support change. The transposition of Directive 2009/28/EC of the European Parliament on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources in Romania is law 220/2008 which establishes as support scheme for electricity production from RES mandatory quotas combined with tradable green certificates. Since then and till the end of 2016, when the support ended, there have been many changes of the scheme which impacted the investments in RES based plants. The paper shows how the changes of the number of GC received per MWh established at a certain stage by the law influenced the development of the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objectives of each of cities from Romania are sustainable development, energy efficiency, use of renewable energy and ensuring a clean and healthy environment for citizens in a modern city, attractive, prosperous and a high standard of living. The climate changes, increasingly present every day in the realities of city, mainly caused by human factor, obliges us to a new approach and orientation responsible for the future of our decisions in order to rational and efficient use of resources, especially in order to combate, to reduce and adapt to climate change. The way we intervene to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, to mitigate and adapt to climate change defines us, placing us among European citizens informed, responsible and active. Renewable energy and biomass energy, a type of renewable energy, are one of the issues that have been overemphasized since the 1990s. The fact that the countries of the world turned to renewable energy sources from fossil fuels and diversified their energy sources, the increasing importance of renewable energies in the energy security context, the lack of stability in energy prices, the fact that the countries adopted growth strategies based on local dynamics, the source of which they had in their lands, reducing transportation costs, alternatives to generate electricity were among the factors that brought this issue to the agenda of the world and made the scientists conduct studies on the issue. Biomass energy that is one of the renewable energy sources is an important energy source particularly for developing countries, and the production and use of it are increasing every day. Considering the geographic features of the region, the use of biomass for bio-economy development, comes naturally. In order to create a business model for the use and integration of biomass supply- chain, this study will focus on providing an overview on the current state of biomass availability and usage in West Region of Romania, as well as providing brief presentation of roadblocks for further development of biomass supply chains. Also, the focus will be on developing transnational interactions that could be a solution to biomass development in the region. In that sense, the target of the next chapters is to assess the energetic potential of existing biomass in Western Region, and the necessary features of the supply chain, needed in order to develop a sustainable business in biomass field. In this paper it will be estimated potential production of biogas from residues and waste for the western region of the country. To accomplish this is necessary to identify the types of wastes and wastes that can be used. Identification will be made by name, quantity, the theoretical potential of biogas and waste to flow through the availability of energy use. Consideration should also be given to the methods of using these wastes and wastes time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]