1. Plant immunity: Rice XA21-mediated resistance to bacterial infection
- Author
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Ercoli, María Florencia, Luu, Dee Dee, Rim, Ellen Youngsoo, Shigenaga, Alexandra, de Araujo, Artur Teixeira, Chern, Mawsheng, Jain, Rashmi, Ruan, Randy, Joe, Anna, Stewart, Valley, and Ronald, Pamela
- Subjects
Biological Sciences ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Immunology ,Biodefense ,Prevention ,Infectious Diseases ,Emerging Infectious Diseases ,Vaccine Related ,Inflammatory and immune system ,Infection ,Good Health and Well Being ,Agriculture ,Allergy and Immunology ,Bacterial Infections ,Bacterial Proteins ,Disease Resistance ,History ,19th Century ,History ,20th Century ,History ,21st Century ,Oryza ,Peptides ,Plant Diseases ,Plant Immunity ,Plant Proteins ,Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases ,XA21 ,raxX ,resistance ,sulfotyrosine ,gram-negative bacteria - Abstract
In this article, we describe the development of the plant immunity field, starting with efforts to understand the genetic basis for disease resistance, which ∼30 y ago led to the discovery of diverse classes of immune receptors that recognize and respond to infectious microbes. We focus on knowledge gained from studies of the rice XA21 immune receptor that recognizes RaxX (required for activation of XA21 mediated immunity X), a sulfated microbial peptide secreted by the gram-negative bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. XA21 is representative of a large class of plant and animal immune receptors that recognize and respond to conserved microbial molecules. We highlight the complexity of this large class of receptors in plants, discuss a possible role for RaxX in Xanthomonas biology, and draw attention to the important role of sulfotyrosine in mediating receptor-ligand interactions.
- Published
- 2022