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To understand the etiological detection and epidemiological regularity of respiratory viruses in children with respiratory tract infections, so as to provide etiological basis for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of respiratory tract infections in children. 280 children with respiratory tract infections who were admitted to General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA from January 2016 to December 2017 were selected as the study subjects. The detection of respiratory viruses in children with respiratory tract secretions were analyzed, and the relationship between respiratory viral infection and age, season and disease type in children with respiratory tract infection were analyzed. 98 positive specimens were detected in 280 children with respiratory tract infection, the positive rate was 35.00%. 2 viruses were detected in 2 samples, and the positive rate of mixed infection was 0.71%. Among all virus types, the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) had the highest positive rate. The highest positive rate of viral infection was found in children younger than 1 year old, which was significantly different from that in other age groups (P<0.05). The positive rate of respiratory tract infection in spring and winter was significantly higher than that in summer and autumn (P<0.05). The positive rates of viral infection in children with different respiratory tract infections were significantly different (P<0.05). The positive rate of virus infection in children with asthmatic pneumonia, bronchiolitis and pneumonia was higher. RSV is the main pathogen of respiratory viral infection in children with respiratory tract infection. Infants younger than 1 year old are more susceptible to infection. Spring and winter are the high incidence seasons. The positive rates of virus infection in children with pneumonia, bronchiolitis and asthmatic pneumonia are higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]