1. COVID-19-associated mucormycosis presenting to the Emergency Department—an observational study of 70 patients
- Author
-
R Chouhan, Soorya Suresh, Jamshed Nayer, A. K. Nair, P Aggarwal, Rachana Bhat, Ankit Kumar Sahu, J A Majeed, A Ramaswami, Gagandeep Singh, Immaculata Xess, Naveet Wig, Dikshi Gupta, Roshan Mathew, Meera Ekka, Ajay Kumar, and Alok Thakar
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Disease ,Single Center ,Diabetes mellitus ,Humans ,Mucormycosis ,Medicine ,Risk factor ,Retrospective Studies ,Original Paper ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,COVID-19 ,General Medicine ,Emergency department ,medicine.disease ,Radiological weapon ,Female ,Observational study ,AcademicSubjects/MED00010 ,Emergency Service, Hospital ,business - Abstract
Summary Background Mucormycosis (MM) is a deadly opportunistic fungal infection and a large surge in COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) is occurring in India. Aim Our aim was to delineate the clinico-epidemiological profile and identify risk factors of CAM patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED). Design This was a retrospective, single-centre, observational study. Methods We included patients who presented with clinical features or diagnosed MM and who were previously treated for COVID-19 in last 3 months of presentation (recent COVID-19) or currently being treated for COVID-19 (active COVID-19). Information regarding clinical features of CAM, possible risk factors, examination findings, diagnostic workup including imaging and treatment details were collected. Results Seventy CAM patients (median age: 44.5 years, 60% males) with active (75.7%) or recent COVID-19 (24.3%) who presented to the ED in between 6 May 2021 and 1 June 2021, were included. A median duration of 20 days (interquartile range: 13.5–25) was present between the onset of COVID-19 symptoms and the onset of CAM symptoms. Ninety-three percent patients had at least one risk factor. Most common risk factors were diabetes mellitus (70%) and steroid use for COVID-19 disease (70%). After clinical, microbiological and radiological workup, final diagnosis of rhino-orbital CAM was made in most patients (68.6%). Systemic antifungals were started in the ED and urgent surgical debridement was planned. Conclusion COVID-19 infection along with its medical management have increased patient susceptibility to MM.
- Published
- 2021