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Abstract: This study focuses on extreme temperature and extreme precipitation changes in Guangxi Province of south China, which has experienced increased numbers of climate disasters in recent years. In this paper, spatial and temporal changes in extreme temperature and extreme precipitation were reconstructed for the period 1960–2009. The method of FFT filtering was used to smooth time series of extreme temperature and extreme precipitation, linear regression to calculate linear fits, and spline interpolation to interpolate station data and estimate linear changes. The results show that the annual extreme temperature increased in most of the area during 1960–2009, especially in the northeast. The greatest increase was the extreme temperature in winter, compared to that in autumn, summer and spring in order from high to low across most of the study area. The annual extreme precipitation changed little in the first three decades and increased significantly in the last two decades, and varied with region and season. Spatially, the annual trend of extreme precipitation increased across most of the province, except in some areas of the southeast. The seasonal change trend of extreme precipitation varied greatly across different areas. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Changes on water resources volume of 1960–2007 in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River are discussed in this paper. A time series (1960–2007) and its spatial patterns of actual evapotranspiration (ETa) estimation are analyzed based on Advection-Aridity model (A–A model) with selected parameters for 72 meteorological stations in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River Basin. The result indicates that average ETa of the basin changed in stages: slight increases in the first decade; a drop followed by fluctuations and lower increases in the next ten years; and then a dramatic decline in the latest decade, with three abrupt change years detected in the early 1970s, 1990s, and 2000s. ETa increases from mountainous northwest areas to plains in eastern areas, with significant decreases in plain regions and increases in the mountain region. ETa in the Sichuan Basin is found to decrease at the most rapid rate, and ETa in the sub-area to the south of the upland mountain region is increasing significantly. Such patterns of spatial trend in ETa result in reductions in regional variation, both annually and in all seasons. The change in ETa of this area is believed to be related to local water resource changes, and is impacted by the changes in climate factors. Temperature of this area has increased, and sunshine duration hours have shortened, leading to a reduction in net radiation. Relative humidity also has decreased. Comprehensively, reduction in both energy and moisture supply for evapotranspiration result in an increasing ETa. Moreover, a sharp drop of ETa occurred in the early 2000s, and meteorological factors including wind speed also show abrupt change to different extents. The impact of ETa on regional water balance at both inter-annual and intra-annual scales is also discussed in this study. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]