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Purpose: The purposes of this study were (1) to consider the dose-response relationship in-vivo at high dose range by using the Colcemid method, which begins with predicting the risk of future late complication caused by a fixed dose of chromosomal aberration of peripheral lymphocytes after radiation emission and (2) to compare in-vivo and in-vitro dose-responses for chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes of cancer patients undergoing total body irradiation (TBI)., Methods: Eight patients diagnosed with hematological malignancies entered this study. TBI planning with a 6 MV linear accelerator consisted of 4 Gy/2 fractions/day, and the total treatment dose was 12 Gy., Results: At the observable dose range of up to 10 Gy, the unstable chromosomal aberrations of both dicentrics and fragments increased with the increment of irradiated dose, regardless of in-vivo or in-vitro irradiated samples. However, the average number of dicentrics and fragments obtained from in-vitro samples was found to be higher than that for in-vivo samples., Conclusion: This result strongly suggests that in-vivo dose-response curves are necessary to estimate the absorbed dose in-vivo. In-vivo dose-response curves obtained from cancer patients would be very important for standard curves for biodosimetry.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck is a relatively rare tumor characterized by slow evolution, recurrences, and protracted clinical course. We performed stereotactic radiosurgery in order to palliate symptoms for intraorbital recurrence of ACC that had been treated with total resection of the left parotid gland, radical neck dissection, and conventionally fractionated radiotherapy. We experienced interesting hyperostosis in the area irradiated by the stereotactic radiosurgery.

We describe a patient with a final diagnosis of inflammatory change in which combined imaging results were strongly suggestive of lung cancer with mediastinal lymph node metastases. The patient, who was suspected of having a pulmonary lesion on chest radiography performed at a local hospital, was referred to our hospital. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the chest showed a small-sized opacity in the left upper lung and multiple mediastinal nodules. The largest mediastinal nodule, depicted at a pretracheal region, was 22 mm in size. Thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) showed increased uptake in these lesions, which exhibited no remarkable washout of the tracer, supportive of the diagnosis of lung cancer with mediastinal lymph node metastasis. However, bronchoscopic and mediastinoscopic biopsy revealed no malignant cells or reactive lymph nodes, respectively. Therefore, no surgical procedure was performed after the biopsy. The patient has done well without evidence of malignancy for 21 months. Radiologists should be careful in the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions even with combined imaging modalities.