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Pylephlebitis is a thrombotic occlusion of the portal vein or its branches secondary to infection in regions that drain to the portal venous system. Clinical presentation is often atypical, and patients may initially present with non-specific abdominal symptoms. We report a case of pylephlebitis secondary to inflammatory colitis depicted by CT scan in a 35-year-old female admitted for acute abdominal pain associated with vomiting and fever.

Gastroduodenal artery aneurysms have a low incidence of less than 1.5% of all splanchnic aneurysms. Rupture is frequent and life-threatening. The diagnosis is made by CT scan and by coeliac angiography, which also plays a therapeutic role in stable or stabilized patients. Surgery remains the treatment of choice in case of hemodynamic instability. We reviewed the case of a ruptured aneurysm of the gastroduodenal artery mimicking a tumor of the pancreas’ head in a patient who died following a hemorrhagic shock.

Pyonephrosis is a suppurative infection of the kidney caused by ureteral obstruction. It can lead to kidney failure, septic shock, and death. Thus, it requires prompt assessment and appropriate management. We report a case of a 63-year-old male with giant pyonephrosis contained 10 liters of pus and spontaneously ruptured in the adjacent muscles. This clinical case illustrates the value of computed tomography scan in the diagnosis and management of an uncommon upper urinary tract infection and its complications.

Renal ectopia is a rare congenital anomaly that mostly occurs in the pelvic area. An ectopic kidney is usually associated with other anomalies such as a malrotation. We report the case of a 15-year-old male who consulted after a blunt abdominal trauma. A left iliac renal ectopia was incidentally discovered. This ectopic kidney was associated with a malrotation, and a pyelo-ureteral duplication. Iliac renal ectopia should be dissociated from other abdominal renal ectopias, and its association with other renal malformations should be further investigated.

Congenital band is a rare cause of bowel obstruction, most commonly occurring in childhood. We report a case of a young adult with no medical and surgical previous history who had symptoms of bowel obstruction evolving for 2 days. Computed tomography (CT) found an adhesive band causing a small bowel obstruction. An open laparotomy was performed, and the intraoperative findings were consistent with a congenital band compressing the ileum. Through this clinical case, we illustrate an uncommon cause of bowel obstruction and the interest of the CT for the management.

Acute mesenteric ischemia is a rare life-threatening diagnostic and therapeutic emergency. Lack of clinical and biological specificity makes the diagnosis difficult. Imaging, particularly computed tomography can help confirm the diagnosis. An underlying cause is identified in about 30%-70% of cases and should always be sought. We report a case of a 51-year-old man with chronic alcoholic liver disease admitted to the emergency department for abdominal pain. Computed tomography showed mesenteric venous thrombosis with signs of small bowel ischemia and cirrhosis with portal hypertension. Through this observation, we describe the imaging aspects of mesenteric ischemia and emphasize the necessity of seeking underlying pathological condition.

Imperforate hymen is a fairly uncommon genital disorder where the hymen completely obstructs the vaginal opening. Several authors have ruled out its co-occurrence with other congenital anomalies. In this report, we discuss the exceptional case of a late diagnosis of imperforate hymen associated with bilateral hydronephrosis of a horseshoe kidney in a 19-year-old female patient. To our knowledge, an association of imperforate hymen and horseshoe kidney has never been reported.