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The article in "Reactions Weekly" presents two case reports of patients with IgG kappa multiple myeloma and T cell large granular lymphoma who exhibited lack of efficacy during treatment with melphalan or methotrexate. The 64-year-old man with IgG kappa multiple myeloma initially received melphalan but relapsed, eventually achieving a minimal response with salvage therapy. The 46-year-old woman with T cell large granular lymphoma progressed to hepatosplenic gamma-delta T cell lymphoma despite methotrexate treatment, but achieved complete remission after receiving alternative therapies. [Extracted from the article]

A 32-year-old man with anaplastic astrocytoma experienced an increase in the size of ring enhancement around the treatment area and vasogenic oedema while undergoing chemotherapy with lomustine, temozolomide, and bevacizumab. Despite initial improvements with bevacizumab, he later developed treatment-related changes and worsening symptoms. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy was initiated, leading to improvements in vasogenic oedema and left-sided weakness. After completing 100 sessions of hyperbaric treatments, his MRI showed stability and improvement in symptoms. [Extracted from the article]

An 18-year-old woman experienced allergic reactions to ceftazidime, vancomycin, imipenem, and meropenem while being treated for pseudomonas labyrinthitis. She also showed lack of efficacy with various medications and misused amoxicillin/clavulanic-acid. Despite treatment with antibiotics, anti-dizziness medication, and vestibular rehabilitation, her hearing loss did not improve significantly. Ultimately, she was recommended a hearing aid and regained satisfactory balance after six months. [Extracted from the article]

A 56-year-old woman with end-stage renal disease developed arterial air embolism during treatment with heparin and sodium-chloride while undergoing haemodialysis. She experienced left-sided weakness and facial droop, leading to the discovery of an acute right frontal lobe infarct caused by the air embolism. Treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy resulted in a normal neurologic examination and resolution of the air in her brain. [Extracted from the article]

A 15-year-old girl experienced lack of efficacy with furosemide and IV fluids for low urine output after being trapped under wreckage for 9 hours, leading to compartment syndrome and acute kidney damage. She underwent multiple treatments, including haemodialysis, antibiotic therapy, wound care, and antihypertensive medications, during her hospitalization in Turkey. Despite complications such as infections and muscle loss, her condition improved over time, and she was eventually discharged with normal kidney function and blood pressure, requiring outpatient follow-up in child psychiatry and pediatric nephrology. [Extracted from the article]

A case report published in Reactions Weekly describes a woman in her 30s who developed dry gangrene while being treated with hydroxycarbamide for sickle cell disease. The woman had been receiving hydroxycarbamide for two years and the dose had been steadily increased. She also had avascular necrosis in her hip and shoulders. The woman's treatment with hydroxycarbamide was discontinued and she underwent chronic automated red cell exchange and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, which resulted in complete resolution of the gangrene after 9 months. However, she later developed tinnitus and the hyperbaric oxygen therapy was discontinued. [Extracted from the article]

A 3-year-old boy with a neuroepithelial tumor underwent treatment with bevacizumab and corticosteroids for cerebral radiation necrosis. However, after 4 months of treatment, there was no improvement in his condition and he required a wheelchair for mobility. He then received daily hyperbaric oxygen therapy and continued with bevacizumab and corticosteroids. After completing the hyperbaric treatment, he experienced increased mobility and was able to walk independently. One year later, he remained stable and did not experience further deterioration. [Extracted from the article]

A 26-year-old woman with a history of depression experienced a lack of efficacy during treatment with methylprednisolone for hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. She had been found unconscious due to carbon monoxide exposure and received hyperbaric oxygen treatment, resulting in neurological recovery. However, she later developed neurological disturbances and was diagnosed with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy. Treatment with methylprednisolone did not improve her condition, but after undergoing twenty sessions of hyperbaric oxygen treatment, she experienced progressive improvement in her symptoms and was able to mobilize independently. [Extracted from the article]

A 38-year-old woman experienced occlusion of the central retinal artery and vision loss after misusing hyaluronic acid filler in her left glabella and left medial eyebrow. She received the filler through mail order and had it injected by a friend with no medical experience. The woman presented to the emergency room with acute vision loss and severe pain in her left eye. Despite receiving hyaluronidase treatment, there was no improvement in the occlusion or vision loss. However, after receiving additional treatments including brimonidine/timolol and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, her vision loss improved and symptoms of vascular occlusion were alleviated. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses two cases of avascular necrosis (AVN) that developed in patients who were receiving off-label treatment with dexamethasone or methylprednisolone for COVID-19. The first case involves a 50-year-old man who experienced severe pain in the left groin and lumbar region approximately 62 days after his COVID-19 diagnosis. An MRI revealed bilateral AVN, and the development was attributed to dexamethasone. The second case involves a 37-year-old man who began experiencing pain in the right groin 68 days after his COVID-19 diagnosis. An MRI revealed AVN in the right hip, and the development was attributed to methylprednisolone treatment. Both patients underwent various treatments for their AVN, including medication and surgery. [Extracted from the article]

A retrospective analysis of 41 patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma found that one patient developed interstitial pneumonia while being treated with pembrolizumab. The patient received IV pembrolizumab every three weeks but developed severe interstitial pneumonia as a result. The patient was treated with high-dose steroids and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, but unfortunately, they died due to respiratory failure. [Extracted from the article]

This article from Reactions Weekly describes four cases of women aged 53-68 who developed ischaemia, a condition characterized by restricted blood flow, after receiving tranexamic acid treatment for haematoma or prophylaxis haematoma. The patients underwent deep plane facelifts with platysmaplasty, and tranexamic acid was used during surgery to prevent haematoma. However, the use of tranexamic acid resulted in ischaemia in the patients, leading to various complications. The patients received different treatments, including corrective surgery, leech therapy, nitropaste, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and scar revision, and eventually, the ischaemia resolved in all cases. [Extracted from the article]

An elderly woman with scleroderma exhibited lack of efficacy during treatment with sildenafil. She had a history of menopause, dyslipidemia, and received various medications for her condition. After initially receiving bosentan with successful healing of ulcers, she switched to sildenafil but experienced no improvement in her ulcers and developed a new one. Bosentan was restarted and her ulcers improved over the next two years. Sildenafil was continued. [Extracted from the article]

A 58-year-old man developed Pseudomonal bacterial keratitis and endophthalmitis while being treated with infliximab for Crohn's disease. He experienced left eye pain and redness, and examination revealed a thick ulcer with necrosis. Corneal cultures showed pan-sensitive pseudomonas, and he was diagnosed with contact lens-related Pseudomonal bacterial keratitis and endophthalmitis. He received treatment with ocular tobramycin, systemic cefepime, and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, but ultimately required keratectomy and a scleral prosthesis. [Extracted from the article]

Author InformationAn event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is:• * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important eventA 43-year-old woman exhibited lack of efficacy during treatment with ciclesonide, mometasone and sodium citrate for parosmia. Additionally, she developed epistaxis during treatment with sodium citrate for parosmia [not all dosages stated; duration of treatment to reaction onset and outcome not stated]. [Extracted from the article]

A case report published in Reactions Weekly describes a woman in her 20s who experienced treatment failure for Ludwig's angina, a severe infection of the neck and floor of the mouth. The woman had undergone wisdom tooth extractions and developed symptoms of neck swelling, pain, trismus, dysphagia, and purulent drainage. Despite outpatient treatment with multiple drugs, including antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications, her symptoms rapidly worsened. She was eventually admitted to the hospital for incision and drainage, and further complications, including septic emboli and cavernous sinus thrombosis, were discovered. The woman underwent multiple procedures and treatments, including hyperbaric oxygen therapy and skin grafting, before being discharged after three months. [Extracted from the article]

Despite treatment with amphotericin B liposomal 10 mg/kg/day and anidulafungin 100 mg/day, he died on day 36, due to I A. variabilis i infection, indicating lack of efficacy to amphotericin B liposomal and anidulafungin. Male patient 1: The male patient was a liver recipient from a I A. variabilis i infected donor. Male patient 2: The male patient was a bilateral lung recipient from a I A. variabilis i infected donor. [Extracted from the article]

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment for intrauterine limb ischaemia: A newborn in the chamber. B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event A female neonate [ I exact age not stated i ] exhibited lack of efficacy during treatment with heparin for intrauterine limb ischaemia. Meanwhile, she was referred to hyperbaric medicine department for hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT). [Extracted from the article]

The patients started receiving IM injections of diclofenac [diclofenac sodium; 3 patients; two patients received an injection in the right/dorsogluteal region and one patient received in the left/ventrogluteal region) and benzathine benzylpenicillin [benzathine penicillin; 1 patient received in the left/vastus lateralis). B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event In a retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients with Nicolau syndrome (NS), who were referred to the hyperbaric oxygen therapy centre for hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) between 1 January 2006 to 30 June 2016, four patients (one male and three females) aged 3-76 years were described, who developed NS following treatment with diclofenac or benzathine benzylpenicillin [ I indications, dosages and time to reactions onset not stated i ]. Among 4 patients, three patients had comorbidities: one patient had non-insulin diabetes mellitus, while two patients had arterial hypertension. [Extracted from the article]

The ulcer pathology revealed ulcer/granulation tissue and vascular fibrinoid necrosis, which was suggestive of radiation proctitis. After 4 months of the last HBOT treatment, the flexible sigmoidoscopy revealed remarkable healing of the distal rectal ulcer and only small residual ulceration and granulation tissue was observed. Because of pharmacologic treatment failure, he received 45 treatments of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), which resulted in the resolution of haematochezia. [Extracted from the article]

Post-hyperbaric oxygen therapy brain MRI showed focal cytotoxic oedema lesions. Application of a new hyperbaric oxygen therapy protocol in patients with arterial and venous gas embolism due to hydrogen peroxide poisoning. B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event A 69-year-old woman developed gas embolism (GE) following poisoning with hydrogen peroxide. [Extracted from the article]

However, the treatment with dexamethasone failed to suppress her cortisol levels. B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event An elderly woman [ I exact age not stated i ] experienced failure of therapy with dexamethasone, cabergoline, ketoconazole and metyrapone for the treatment of hypercortisolaemia [ I routes and dosages not stated i ]. Post-operatively, her cortisol levels were not detectable; tumour immunostaining was positive for adrenocorticotrophic hormone. [Extracted from the article]

B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event A 52-year-old woman developed Fournier's gangrene during treatment with dapagliflozin and prednisolone [ I not all routes and dosages stated i ]. The abscess was described as neither a typical pilonidal nor a typical perianal abscess. Pus was emerging from the opening, and there was increased swelling and redness on both sides. [Extracted from the article]

B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event A 42-year-old woman was refractory to adalimumab, hydrocortisone, infliximab and prednisolone treatment used for pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) [ I not all routes stated i ]. Alongside the management of the superinfection, she received a 4-day induction with hydrocortisone 400 mg/day, with further tapering prednisolone, and the scheduled dosage of adalimumab to optimise the treatment. After 60 sessions of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, she presented full remission of the PG and wound closure. [Extracted from the article]

Subsequently, his further three episodes of DVT were complicated by pulmonary embolism. B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event A 30-year-old man developed calciphylaxis during treatment with warfarin for pulmonary embolism. The man experienced an episode of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and was diagnosed with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) in 2004. [Extracted from the article]

During hospitalisation, he also developed I Candida albicans i urinary tract infection secondary to the antibiotic therapy and the permanent bladder catheterisation [ I time to reaction onset not stated i ]. B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event A 5-year-old boy developed I Candida albicans i urinary tract infection during antibiotic therapy with amikacin, clindamycin, cotrimoxazole, meropenem and vancomycin for Fournier gangrene [ I routes not stated; not all dosages stated i ]. Fournier gangrene in a child with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. [Extracted from the article]

On day 12 of systemic steroid pulse therapy, she experienced left hip pain, which worsened when she walked. The therapy was continued; corticosteroid therapy was reduced to prednisone 50mg on day 19 for 7 days and further reduced to 25mg for 10 days and then 20mg for 4 days. B Author Information b An event is serious (based on the ICH definition) when the patient outcome is: * death * life-threatening * hospitalisation * disability * congenital anomaly * other medically important event A 36-year-old woman developed osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) during treatment with methylprednisolone and prednisone for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) [ I routes not stated i ]. [Extracted from the article]