1. Redox signaling in cardiovascular pathophysiology: A focus on hydrogen peroxide and vascular smooth muscle cells
- Author
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Chang Hyun Byon, Jack M. Heath, and Yabing Chen
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,CREB, cyclic AMP response element–binding protein ,Vascular smooth muscle ,Clinical Biochemistry ,AGEs, advanced glycation end products ,Review Article ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ,Biochemistry ,PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor ,Antioxidants ,Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ,Pathogenesis ,0302 clinical medicine ,Runx2 ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,lcsh:R5-920 ,GPx, glutathione peroxidase ,TRAP, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase ,eNOS, endothelial NO synthase ,JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinases ,O-GlcNAcylation, O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine modification ,MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ,NOX, NADPH oxidases ,VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor ,Cell biology ,VSMC, vascular smooth muscle cells ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,medicine.symptom ,Signal transduction ,lcsh:Medicine (General) ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Intracellular ,Signal Transduction ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ,ERK, extracellular-regulated kinase ,Inflammation ,Biology ,AKT, protein kinase B ,Calcification ,03 medical and health sciences ,ROS, reactive oxygen species ,RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand ,AAA, abdominal aortic aneurysms ,Internal medicine ,PKC, protein kinase C ,Vascular smooth muscle cells ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Ang II, angiotensin II ,NO, nitric oxide ,Reactive oxygen species ,SOD, superoxide dismutases ,TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha ,Organic Chemistry ,Hydrogen peroxide ,PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog ,Mitochondria, Muscle ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,oxLDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,chemistry ,MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinases ,Oxidative stress ,mmLDL, minimally oxidized low-density lipoprotein ,PI3K, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase ,Prx, peroxiredoxin ,PASMC, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells ,Reactive Oxygen Species - Abstract
Oxidative stress represents excessive intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which plays a major role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Besides having a critical impact on the development and progression of vascular pathologies including atherosclerosis and diabetic vasculopathy, oxidative stress also regulates physiological signaling processes. As a cell permeable ROS generated by cellular metabolism involved in intracellular signaling, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) exerts tremendous impact on cardiovascular pathophysiology. Under pathological conditions, increased oxidase activities and/or impaired antioxidant systems results in uncontrolled production of ROS. In a pro-oxidant environment, vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) undergo phenotypic changes which can lead to the development of vascular dysfunction such as vascular inflammation and calcification. Investigations are ongoing to elucidate the mechanisms for cardiovascular disorders induced by oxidative stress. This review mainly focuses on the role of H2O2 in regulating physiological and pathological signals in VSMC.
- Published
- 2016