Current climate policies in Poland target for an increase in bioelectricity share in total electricity production. In Poland most of the renewable energy comes from biomass (around 90%). Most probably, in the future, biomass will continue to play a dominant role within the renewable energy sources. Except of their primary functions, such as providing CO2 neutral fuels and decreasing dependency on oil, biomass plantations can positively influence the environment. They carry similar functions to natural areas e.g. they can contribute to the improvement of soil and water quality, sequester carbon in the soil and create an environment for many species. However, an often-heard concern is that large-scale biomass plantations might increase pressure on the productive land and might cause a substantial increase of food prices. The aim of this chapter is to investigate the impact of different energy policies, focused on increasing the shares of bioelectricity in the total electricity production, on production and prices of agricultural goods and electricity and on changes in land cover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]