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In Brazil, bioelectricity generation from sugarcane bagasse and black liquor is regarded as a sustainable electricity supply option. However, questions regarding land use, investment decisions, and demand for paper, ethanol and sugar make its future role uncertain. The aim of this paper is to present a novel modelling framework based on a soft-link between a multi-sectoral Brazilian integrated assessment model (MUSE-Brazil) and an electricity portfolio optimisation model (EPOM). The proposed framework is capable of dynamically simulating sectoral electricity demand, regional bioenergy production under land use constraints and optimal power sector technological shares in each of the electricity subsystems. Considering Brazil under a 2 °C carbon budget, two scenarios based on economic attractiveness of producing second-generation ethanol have been investigated. Under the scenario where second-generation ethanol is not produced, outputs indicate that by 2050, Brazil would increase sugarcane and wood production by 68% and 49% respectively without causing direct or indirect deforestation. Agriculture intensification is evidenced as an alternative for reducing land use disruptions. Bioelectricity share is projected to remain around 9–10%. However, if second generation ethanol becomes cost-effective, thus limiting bagasse availability, the share of bioelectricity production would decrease to approximately 7.7%, with natural gas-fired plants playing a stronger role in the future power system expansion, causing an increase on electricity sector emissions. • A novel framework considering energy systems and portfolio optimisation is proposed. • Two different carbon constrained bioelectricity scenarios in Brazil are investigated. • Power system emissions could represent between 13.3% and 14.5% of the carbon budget. • Controlling deforestation in the Amazon is fundamental to reach mitigation targets. • Bioelectricity potential is considerably reduced when 2G ethanol is produced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to present aspects about the energy balance of sugarcane crops and its carbon dioxide emissions. We calculate energy used in agricultural, industrial and distribution sectors by five sugarcane mills of Mato Grosso do Sul and we compare the yield with its energy delivery. The energy balance obtained, with an average 6.8, shows that is advantageous to produce ethanol in the lands of that Brazilian state. We have prepared a forecasting of electricity production from bagasse taking into account two types of technology. Finally, we present the potential value of CO2 emitted by the five mills to evaluate greenhouse gas emissions of the ethanol production valor chain. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this review article, a complete review on the generation of bioenergy from various anaerobic reactors was highlighted with respect to the slaughterhouse waste (SHW). The necessity of generation of the bioenergy and an overview of the treatment efficiency of various anaerobic reactor was discussed and also their performance efficiency was also addressed in detail. Ultimately this review facilitates that state-of-art knowledge in production of electrical energy from generated biogas from the slaughterhouse solid and liquid wastewater with respect to all kind of anaerobic reactors. Moreover, this review also highlights the factors which affects the biogas production in slaughterhouse industry. The biogas generation from the SHW is assessed as 16,026 million m3/year. Based on this study finding SHW have high potential to generate the bioelectricity production. This study finds that bioelectricity generation from SHW was around 62,808✕106 kWh/year, which contributing the 27% of the total electricity requirement of Iran. The generation of bioelectricity from SHW saves the greenhouse gas emission of about 4096✕103 tonnes of CO 2 -eq/year. Similarly, in 2016 USA slaughterhouse industries discharged 18.4 million metric tons of SHW, which has generated the 22.7✕109 kWh of bioelectricity. This review paper provides the valuable insights and data to the policy makers to frame the sustainable long-term energy policy by considering the SHW as a case study. Image 1 • Slaughterhouse industry solid and liquid waste generation at various stages explained. • Average biogas production of slaughterhouse industrial waste is 8654 million m3/year. • Average bioelectricity generation from slaughterhouse waste is 8✕109 kWh/year. • In USA 18.4 million tonnes of slaughterhouse waste was generated in 2016. • The net energy of 17,009–85,278 kWh/d is estimated from Anaerobic Digestion plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]