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The present work assesses the real-world performance of novel improved mud-based cookstoves (MBC) - Pavak 1 (P1) and Pavak 2 (P2) in a remote community in Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh, India. These MBC's were designed using multi-parameter optimization based on extensive laboratory testing. These MBCs are affordable and durable, and can be locally manufactured without compromising cooking quality, taste, or convenience while still meeting the Indian cookstove performance standards (BIS IS 13152 (Part 1): 2013) for emissions and efficiency. MBC's performance was compared to traditional stoves (TS) in accordance with the ISO 19869:2019 cookstove field testing protocol. 45 cooking sessions were captured (22 P1; 13 P2; 10 TS). Fuel-based emission factors (EF) for PM 2.5 and CO were estimated using the carbon balance method. Results indicate reductions in PM 2.5 (56% for P1 and 46% for P2) and CO emissions (15% for P1 and 0.85% for P2) compared to TS. Analysis of real-time modified combustion efficiencies showed that MBCs exhibited prolonged periods in pure flaming conditions compared to TS. A user perception survey was conducted in the intervention households to understand community acceptability. Our results demonstrate the potential for increased adoption rates, emphasizing the importance of information, education, and communication (IEC) programs to maximize health and climate benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]