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In this paper, a probabilistic method is proposed to analyze the steady-state operating conditions of an active electrical distribution system with Wind (WD) and Photovoltaic (PV) generation plants. This method takes into account the uncertainties of power load demands and power production from renewable generation systems and combines Monte Carlo simulation techniques and multi-linearized power flow equations. The power flow equations include models of wind turbine and PV generation units and multi-linearization is accomplished by applying a criterion based on the total active power of the system. The method properly extends a probabilistic method proposed in the relevant literature for traditional passive electrical distribution systems to the field of an active electrical distribution system with WD and PV generation units. Numerical applications are presented and discussed with reference to a 17-bus test distribution system characterized by WD and PV systems connected at different busbars. The results obtained with the proposed algorithm are compared with the results obtained using a Monte Carlo simulation algorithm that included non-linear power flow equations.

Recent advances in power electronic technology for interfacing dispersed energy resources to distribution grids offer potential solutions to several technical and economical problems in distribution networks. In particular, Dispersed Generation (DG) can be used to provide the usual energy service as well as some ancillary services, such as load following, back-up service, and compensation of Power Quality disturbances. In this paper, a fuel cell-based DG system is proposed for providing energy and ancillary services. The novelty of the system is that it can operate with a ‘system strategy’ (aimed at compensating for the disturbances in the whole system or in some privileged areas of the network) thanks to a suitable control technique of the power electronic interfaces. In this way, the benefits of using the dispersed generation system are maximized. Computer simulations were performed on an actual distribution grid to demonstrate the effectiveness of the compensation actions.